If you use MediaWiki-Vagrant with CentralAuth, you may have noticed it stopped working.
There was a recent schema change, and since CA does not use update.php, you have to do it manually (or destroy your box, but that will take a lot longer).
If it's broken (huge red box and "Unknown column 'lu_local_id' in 'field list'")
$ vagrant ssh $ mysql centralauth < /vagrant/mediawiki/extensions/CentralAuth/db_patches/patch-lu_local_id.sql
(This could be done via Puppet, but that would require writing that and then checking at runtime whether these columns exist forever.)
I hope that helps,
Matt