There's a related essay on Wikimedia Commons: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Multichill/Next_generation_categories .
The Wikidata properties instance ofhttps://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P31(formerly "is a") and subclass of https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P279 are likely relevant to folks interested in ontology building on Wikidata. They're based on rdfs:type http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_type and rdfs:subClassOfhttp://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_subclassoffrom W3C recommendations, and allow for building a rooted DAG that places concepts into a hierarchy of knowledge. They also allow for a degree of type-token distinction http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type%E2%80%93token_distinctionwhen classifying subjects, though how that applies to certain knowledge domains hasn't been fully sussed out.
On Sun, May 5, 2013 at 2:17 PM, Chris Maloney voldrani@gmail.com wrote:
Doug from WikiSource started a page over at meta: http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Beyond_categories
I'll be trying to fill in some of my understanding of the problem and the scope of a possible solution. I recognize there's been a lot of prior art on this issue, and a lot of existing overlapping tools and infrastructure, and I'm pretty new around here, and apt to be inaccurate and naive. So I do hope others with more experience will come and help sort it out.
Chris
On Sun, May 5, 2013 at 11:06 AM, Michael Hale hale.michael.jr@live.com wrote:
As far as checking the import progress of Wikidata, the category American women writers has 1479 articles. 651 of them currently have a main type (GND), 328 have a sex, 162 have an occupation, 111 have a country of citizenship, 49 have a sexual orientation, 39 have a place of birth, etc.
From: jc@sahnwaldt.de Date: Sun, 5 May 2013 16:28:14 +0200
To: wikidata-l@lists.wikimedia.org Subject: Re: [Wikidata-l] Question about wikipedia categories.
Hi Pat,
I've been involved with DBpedia for several years, so these are interesting thoughts.
On 5 May 2013 01:25, Patrick Cassidy pat@micra.com wrote:
If one is interested in a functional “category” system, it would be
very
helpful to have a good logic-based ontology as the backbone.
I haven’t looked recently, but when I inquired about the ontology used by DBpedia a year ago, I was referred to “dbpedia-ontology.owl”, an ontology in the format of the “semantic web” ontology format OWL. The OWL format
is
excellent for simple purposes, but the dbpedia-ontology.owl (at that time) was not well-structured (being very polite).
Do you mean just the file dbpedia-ontology.owl or the DBpedia ontology in general? We still use OWL as our main format for publishing the ontology. The file is generated automatically. Maybe the generation process could be improved.
I did inquire as to who was maintaining the ontology, and had a hard time figuring out how to help bring it up to professional standards. But it was like punching jello,
nothing
to grasp onto. I gave up, having other useful things to do with my time.
The ontology is maintained by a community that everyone can join at http://mappings.dbpedia.org/ . An overview of the current class hierarchy is here: http://mappings.dbpedia.org/server/ontology/classes/ . You're more than welcome to help! I think talk pages are not used enough on the mappings wiki, so if you have ideas, misgivings or questions about the DBpedia ontology, the place to go is probably the mailing list: https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/dbpedia-discussion
Thanks!
Christopher
Perhaps it is time now, with more experience in hand, to rethink the category system starting with basics. This is not as hard as it
sounds.
It may require some changes where there is ambiguity or logical inconsistency, but mostly it only necessary to link the Wikipedia categories to an ontology based on a well-structured and logically sound
foundation
ontology (also referred to as an “upper ontology”), that supplies the basic categories and relations. Such an ontology can provide the basic concepts, whose labels can be translated into any terminology that any local
user
wants to use. There are several well-structured foundation ontologies, based on over twenty years of research, but the one I suggest is the
one
I am most familiar with (which I created over the past seven years), called COSMO. The files at http://micra.com/COSMO will provide the ontology itself (“COSMO.owl”, in OWL) and papers describing the basic principles.
COSMO
is structured to be a “primitives-based foundation ontology”,
containing
all of the “semantic primitives” needed to describe anything one wants to talk about. All other categories are structured as logical combinations of the basic elements. Its inventory of primitives is probably incomplete,
but
is able to describe everything I have been concerned with for years (7000 categories and 800 relations thus far) can always be supplemented as required for new fields. With an OWL ontology, queries can be executed by any of several logic-based utilities. Making the query system easy for those who prefer not to build SPARQL queries (including myself) would require some programming, but that is a miniscule effort compared to what has already been put into the DBPedia database. Tools such as
“Protégé”
make it easy to work with an OWL ontology, and there is a web site
where
an OWL ontology can be developed collaboratively.
I will be willing to put some effort into this and assist anyone who wants to used the COSMO ontology for this project. If those who are in
charge
of maintaining the ontology (is anyone?) would like to discuss this at greater length, send me an email or telephone me. All those who are interested in this topic may also feel free to contact me, or to discuss this thread on the list. I suggest the thread title “Foundation Ontology”.
Pat
Patrick Cassidy
MICRA Inc.
cassidy@micra.com
908-561-3416
From: wikidata-l-bounces@lists.wikimedia.org [mailto:wikidata-l-bounces@lists.wikimedia.org] On Behalf Of Michael Hale Sent: Saturday, May 04, 2013 2:57 AM To: Discussion list for the Wikidata project.
Subject: Re: [Wikidata-l] Question about wikipedia categories.
I think it's important to consider the distinction between a category system and semantic queries. I think it's very likely that DBpedia and
Wikidata
will converge over time and develop a simple enough query interface
that
causes fewer people to use the category system because we will be able to automatically generate relevant queries related to a given article. DBpedia currently has a lot more data, but Wikidata is important for many editing scenarios. Also, in the future I think there will be a lot of content scenarios where it is natural to start by putting data into Wikidata
and
then including it in articles instead of just extracting information from articles. If you are familiar with query languages you can get comfortable with the DBpedia SPARQL examples in a few minutes, but for a typical reader that just wants to go from an article about a person to a list of similar people it is hard to beat scrolling down and just clicking on a category. I did a test query on DBpedia to plot all sports cars by their engine sizes, and I think for the types of things it enables you to do it is totally worth the learning curve. That being said, I think the category system has a lot of potential for better browsing scenarios as opposed to queries. I've been making a tool that mixes the article view data with the category
system.
You can see a video of the basic idea here and a screenshot of football league popularity split by language.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Wakebrdkid/Popular_category_browsing
I'm currently multiplying the Chinese traffic by 30 to try and account for Baidu Baike.
Date: Sat, 4 May 2013 08:14:54 +0200 From: jane023@gmail.com To: wikidata-l@lists.wikimedia.org Subject: Re: [Wikidata-l] Question about wikipedia categories.
Wondering exactly the same thing - my frustrations with categories began about three years ago and it seems I am surprised monthly by severe limitations to this outdated apparatus. I am a heavy category user, but I would love to be able to kick it out the door in favour
of
a more structured method. As far as I can tell, there is very little synchronisation among language Wikipedias of category trees, and
being
able to apply a central structure to all Wikipedias through Wikidata sounds like a great idea, and one which would not disturb the current category trees we already have, but supplement them. As I see it,
some
category structures are OK, but when categories get big, people split them in non-standard ways, causing problems like this recent media-hype regarding female novellists. I think that it's great this is in the news in this way, because I am sure that most Wikipedia readers never knew we had categories, and this is a great
introduction
to them, as well as an invitation to edit Wikipedia.
2013/5/4, Chris Maloney voldrani@gmail.com:
I am just curious if there has ever been discussion about the potential for reimplementing / replacing the category system in Wikipedia with semantic tagging in WikiData. It seem to me that the recent kerfuffle with regards to "American women writers" would not have happened if the pages were tagged with simple RDF assertions instead of these convoluted categories. I know, of course, that it would be a huge undertaking, but I just don't see how the category system can continue to scale (I'm amazed it has scaled as well as
it
has already, of course).
I am trying to learn more about wikidata, and have perused the various infos and FAQs for the last two hours, and can't find any
discussion
of this particular issue.
-- Chris
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