The checkuser user right exists on Wikivoyage at present, but no users (as far as I know) have been appointed as checkusers. A number of our checkusers (and indeed admins) are quite experienced in terms of knowing what IP ranges to block and what potential collateral damage there may be, if more information about the technicalities is required I can ask one of them to comment on the ban nomination page?
For projects where no chackusers have been appointed, stewards act as checkused. English Wikipedia checkuser who are not stewards have no authority and I believe no technical means to check users on another project.
Cheers Yaroslav