Been following the thread:"[Wikidata] Wikidata reconciliation service and Ope Refine" with interest (on the general list - wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org) and wanted to give a reference to some public R&D activity in the financial data area, that may have broader application in tools that assist with Wikidata entity reconciliations.

Orienting background from: https://github.com/OpenRefine/OpenRefine/wiki/Reconciliation-Service-API "A reconciliation service is a web service that, given some text which is a name or label for something, and optionally some additional details, returns a ranked list of potential entities matching the criteria. The candidate text does not have to match each entity's official name perfectly, and that's the whole point of reconciliation--to get from ambiguous text name to precisely identified entities. "

On to the tip...

From: http://sigmod2016.org/dsmmtoc.html Paper: Financial Entity Identification and Information Integration (FEIII) Challenge: The Report of the Organizing Committee Mark Flood John Grant Haiping Luo Louiqa Raschid Ian Soboroff Kyungjin Yoo

"The Year One [2016] goal of the Financial Entity Identification and Information Integration (FEIII) Challenge was to develop technologies to automatically align diverse financial entity identification schemes and identifiers. This will be an important first step in developing a reference financial entity identifier knowledge base linking heterogeneous collections of financial entity identifiers. Such a (Linked Data) knowledge base will help to overcome a fundamental road- block to successful information integration, i.e., the resolution of mentions or references to the same financial entity across the financial landscape of financial contract prospectus, regulatory filings, transactional records, news articles, social media, etc. "

"In the 2017 program they proceed to trying to identify RELATIONSHIPS between entities"

From:https://ir.nist.gov/feiii/ "The challenge: Identify relationships among financial entities. Given sentences from SEC regulatory filings that mention roles/relationships with other entities, rank the sentences in order of importance with respect to the relationships and financial activities."

From: https://drive.google.com/open?id=0ByT-60wEacFAQU84QkVEX1NkTEk [data set and instructions for the 2017 challenge] Paper: FEIIY2_README.pdf

"In Year One [2016] , we posed an IDENTIFIER ALIGNMENT challenge: Given four databases of financial entities from four different sources, participants needed to find the entities in common across the databases. "

"For Year Two [2017], we are continuing with the theme of IDENTIFYING and understanding RELATIONSHIPS among financial entities and the roles that they play in financial CONTRACTS."

...

Selected "Role" [relationship] Keywords [Source: above]

[What is interesting is Parent company and subsidiary here seem to have potential reuse for parent/child type relationships in many other domains.]

SUBSIDIARY COMPANY​​: ​A company that satisfies the criteria that more than 50% of the voting shares are owned by another ​company​; the latter company is the ​PARENT COMPANY​​.

AFFILIATE(D) COMPANY​​: ​Company​, or other ​organization related through common ownership, common control of ​management or owners, or through some other control mechanism, such as a long-​term​ ​lease.

[Other keywords for RELATIONSHIP between entities below.]

Thought the above might be of some use to designers of Wkidata reconciliation services. I'm working mostly on Projects concerning Companies in Wikidata/Wikipeda, where reconciliation services is a huge challenge.

Rick

PS - other Keywords of interest in the 2017 Challenge [Source: above]

Note: The term ​PERSON​​ includes ​LEGAL PERSON​​ which can be a ​COMPANY​​.

Affiliate Agent Counterparty Guarantor Insurer Issuer Seller Servicer Trustee Underwriter

AGENT: ​​A person that is designated by another person (the principal) to act on behalf of the principal in specified activities.

COUNTERPARTY: ​​Given a person or party of interest (in a trade), the party faces a counterparty; there can be more than one counterparty.

GUARANTOR​​: A legal arrangement involving a promise by a person (guarantor) to perform the obligations of a second person (or many persons), in the event that the latter person fails to meet their obligations.

INSURER: A person who, through a contractual agreement, undertakes to compensate specified losses, liability, or damages incurred by the person of interest.

ISSUER​​: ​​This ​term refers to an ​issuer of securities which are (1) registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or (2) required to file reports under Section 15(d) of that Act, or (3) has filed a registration ​statement​ with the SEC.

SELLER:​​ Exchanges a good or service in exchange for a payment.

SERVICER: ​​Typically a person that collects payments from one party and makes payments to another party.

TRUST​​: ​An (ancient) legal practice where one person (​GRANTOR​​) transfers the legal ​title to an ASSET​​, also called the ​principal ​or corpus or property, to another person (​TRUSTEE​​), with specific instructions about how the ​ASSET​​ is to be managed and disposed.

TRUSTEE​​: Person who is given legal ​title to, and ​management authority over, the property placed in a ​TRUST​​.

UNDERWRITER: ​​A person that assumed the risk of purchasing securities from the issuing entity and reselling them to the public, either directly or through dealers. The role terms are often modified as follows: administrative agent calculation agent co-documentation agents co-syndication agents life insurance agent placement agent remarketing agent transfer agent bankruptcy trustee debenture trustee guarantee trustee property trustee securitization trustee successor trustee

When deciding whether a role is being described, we can ask these following questions:

TRUSTEE: * Who is the Person (LEGAL Person) playing the role of TRUSTEE? * What is the associated TRUST? * What are the ASSETs and instructions of the associated TRUST? * What action is being taken by the TRUSTEE or why is the trustee being mentioned in this statement?

AFFILIATE COMPANY: * Who is the PARENT COMPANY? * What is the business purpose of the AFFILIATE COMPANY? * Why is the AFFILIATE COMPANY being mentioned in this statement?

ISSUER: * What was issued? * Why is the ISSUER being mentioned?

GUARANTOR: * What is being guaranteed? * What are the terms of the guarantee? * Who is the GUARANTOR?