Cleopatra (69–30 BC) was the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic
Kingdom of Egypt, though nominally survived as pharaoh by her son
Caesarion. As a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, she was a descendant of
its founder Ptolemy I Soter, a Macedonian Greek general and companion
of Alexander the Great. After the death of Cleopatra, Egypt became a
province of the Roman Empire, marking the end of the Hellenistic period
that had lasted since the reign of Alexander (336–323 BC). While her
native language was Koine Greek, she was the first Ptolemaic ruler to
learn the Egyptian language. Cleopatra's legacy survives in numerous
works of art. She has been a pop culture icon of Egyptomania since the
Victorian era, appearing in burlesque satire, Hollywood films such as
Cleopatra (1963), and commercial brands.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleopatra>
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Today's selected anniversaries:
1794:
The Glorious First of June, the first and largest fleet action
of the naval conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the
French First Republic during the French Revolutionary Wars, was fought.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glorious_First_of_June>
1942:
World War II: The crews of three Japanese Type A Kō-hyōteki-
class submarines scuttled their boats and committed suicide after
entering Sydney Harbour and launching a failed attack.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_on_Sydney_Harbour>
1974:
In an informal article in a medical journal, Henry Heimlich
introduced the concept of abdominal thrusts, commonly known as the
"Heimlich maneuver", to help choking victims.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_thrusts>
1999:
On landing at Little Rock National Airport in the U.S. state of
Arkansas, American Airlines Flight 1420 overran the runway and crashed
(wreckage pictured), resulting in 11 deaths.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Airlines_Flight_1420>
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Wiktionary's word of the day:
oxishly:
(rare) In a manner like that of an ox.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/oxishly>
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Wikiquote quote of the day:
The truth is I've never fooled anyone. I've let men sometimes
fool themselves. Men sometimes didn’t bother to find out who and what
I was. Instead they would invent a character for me. I wouldn't argue
with them. They were obviously loving somebody I wasn't. When they found
this out, they would blame me for disillusioning them — and fooling
them.
--Marilyn Monroe
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe>