The Zaian War was fought between France and the Zaian confederation of
Berber tribes in Morocco between 1914 and 1921. Morocco had become a
French protectorate in 1912, and Resident-General Hubert Lyautey
(pictured) sought to extend French influence through the Middle Atlas
mountains towards French Algeria. The war began well for the French, but
they incurred heavy losses, including over 600 troops killed at the
Battle of El Herri. The French retained most of their territory during
the First World War, despite the withdrawal of some troops for service
at home and continuing raids by the Zaians, who were supported by the
Central Powers. After the signing of the Armistice with Germany in
November 1918, significant forces of tribesmen remained opposed to
French rule. The French resumed their offensive in the Khénifra area in
1920, and entered negotiations with the Zaians. A split between those
who supported submission and those still opposed led to infighting, and
the French responded with a strong, three-pronged attack into the Middle
Atlas that pacified the area. Some tribesmen fled to the High Atlas and
continued a guerrilla war against the French well into the 1930s.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaian_War>
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Today's selected anniversaries:
1381:
The first mass protest in the Peasants' Revolt began in
Blackheath, England, with Lollard priest John Ball asking a crowd, "When
Adam delved and Eve span, who was then the gentleman?"
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peasants%27_Revolt>
1864:
Union General Ulysses S. Grant pulled his troops out of the
Battle of Cold Harbor in Hanover County, Virginia, ending one of the
bloodiest, most lopsided battles in the American Civil War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Cold_Harbor>
1954:
Pope Pius XII canonised Dominic Savio, who was 14 years old
when he died, to make him the youngest non-martyr saint in the Roman
Catholic Church.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominic_Savio>
1967:
The U.S. Supreme Court delivered its decision in the landmark
civil rights case Loving v. Virginia, striking down laws restricting
interracial marriage in the United States.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loving_v._Virginia>
1994:
The Boeing 777 (pictured), the world's largest twinjet, made
its first flight.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_777>
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Wiktionary's word of the day:
make shift:
(dated) To contrive; to invent a way of surmounting a difficulty.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/make_shift>
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Wikiquote quote of the day:
 I do not mistrust the future; I do not fear what is ahead.
For our problems are large, but our heart is larger. Our challenges are
great, but our will is greater. And if our flaws are endless, God's love
is truly boundless.
--George H. W. Bush
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/George_H._W._Bush>