Upper Pine Bottom State Park is a 5-acre (2.0 ha) Pennsylvania state
park near the southern end of what has been called the "Grand Canyon of
Pennsylvania", Pine Creek Gorge. The park is in Lycoming County on Upper
Pine Bottom Run, a tributary of Pine Creek in the West Branch
Susquehanna River drainage basin. Local streams have cut through five
major rock formations from the Devonian and Carboniferous periods. The
earliest recorded inhabitants of the area were the Iroquoian-speaking
Susquehannocks; they were followed by the Iroquois, Lenape, and Shawnee.
Upper Pine Bottom Run was the site of a furnace for pig iron in 1814.
The first sawmill was built on it in 1815, and in 1825 an earlier
bridle path across its headwaters became a turnpike. The park is
surrounded by 105,000 acres (42,000 ha) of the Tiadaghton State Forest,
which was created after the lumber industry clearcut the area in the
19th century. Upper Pine Bottom State Park is one of the smallest state
parks in Pennsylvania.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Pine_Bottom_State_Park>
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Today's selected anniversaries:
1462:
Forces led by Vlad III Dracula of Wallachia attacked an Ottoman
camp at night in an attempt to assassinate Mehmed II.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_Attack_at_T%C3%A2rgovi%C5%9Fte>
1843:
New Zealand Wars: An armed posse of Europeans set out from
Nelson to arrest Ngāti Toa chief Te Rauparaha and clashed with Māori,
resulting in 26 deaths.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wairau_Affray>
1900:
Boxer Rebellion: Allied naval forces captured the Taku Forts
after a brief but bloody battle.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Taku_Forts_(1900)>
1930:
U.S. President Herbert Hoover signed the Smoot–Hawley Tariff
Act into law, raising tariffs on over 20,000 imported goods to record
levels.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoot%E2%80%93Hawley_Tariff_Act>
1963:
Around 2,000 people rioted in South Vietnam, despite the
signing of the Joint Communiqué to resolve the ongoing Buddhist crisis
one day earlier.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_Communiqu%C3%A9>
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Wiktionary's word of the day:
parliament:
1. (government, politics) Meanings relating to a political body authorized
to exercise governmental powers.
2. An institution whose elected or appointed members meet to debate the
major political issues of the day and usually to exercise legislative
powers and sometimes judicial powers.
3. A group of representatives of the people elected or appointed to serve
as a parliament (in sense 1 above) for a certain period of time. In this
sense the word is commonly used with an ordinal number (for example,
first parliament and 12th parliament) or a descriptive adjective (for
example, Long Parliament, Short Parliament and Rump Parliament).
4. A flock of owls or rooks.
5. (historical) Parliament cake, a type of gingerbread.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parliament>
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Wikiquote quote of the day:
We have severely underestimated the Russians, the extent of the
country and the treachery of the climate. This is the revenge of
reality.
--Heinz Guderian
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Heinz_Guderian>