The red-headed myzomela (Myzomela erythrocephala) is a bird of the
honeyeater family, Meliphagidae. One of two subspecies,
M. e. erythrocephala, is distributed around the tropical coastline of
Australia; the other, M. e. infuscata, is found mainly around the
southern coastline of New Guinea. The species was described by John
Gould in 1840. Though widely distributed and not threatened, the species
is not abundant within its range. At 12 centimetres (4.7 in), the red-
headed myzomela is a small honeyeater with a short tail and relatively
long down-curved bill. It is sexually dimorphic; the male has a glossy
red head, brown upperparts and paler grey-brown underparts, while the
female has predominantly grey-brown plumage. Little has been documented
on its breeding behaviour. The bird's natural habitat is tropical
mangrove forests. It is very active when feeding in the tree canopy,
darting from flower to flower and gleaning insects off foliage. It calls
constantly as it feeds.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-headed_myzomela>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1966:
The pleasure cruiser MV Darlwyne disappeared off the coast of
Cornwall with the loss of all 31 people aboard.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loss_of_MV_Darlwyne>
1972:
The Troubles: Hours after the British Army's Operation Motorman
brought an end to the autonomous self-declared area of Free Derry in
Northern Ireland, three car bombs exploded in the village of Claudy.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudy_bombing>
2000:
Three years after being hit by a mudslide, the Ten Thousand
Buddhas Monastery in Hong Kong fully reopened.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Thousand_Buddhas_Monastery>
2012:
The largest power outage in history occurred across 22 Indian
states, affecting more than 620 million people, or about 9 percent of
the world's population.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_India_blackouts>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
yellow jersey:
1. Especially in the Tour de France: the yellow shirt worn by the leader
of a stage of a cycling race, which is then awarded to the cyclist who
wins the race with the fastest overall time.
2. (by extension) A cyclist who wears such a jersey or shirt; hence, the
leader of a stage of a cycling race, or the winner of a cycling race.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/yellow_jersey>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
If you could come inside my head and understand what I feel when
I read about a trans woman dying at the hands of a violent man, you'd
find solidarity and kinship. I have a visceral sense of the terror in
which those trans women will have spent their last seconds on earth,
because I too have known moments of blind fear when I realised that the
only thing keeping me alive was the shaky self-restraint of my attacker.
I believe the majority of trans-identified people not only pose zero
threat to others, but are vulnerable for all the reasons I've outlined.
Trans people need and deserve protection. Like women, they're most
likely to be killed by sexual partners. … So I want trans women to be
safe. At the same time, I do not want to make natal girls and women less
safe. When you throw open the doors of bathrooms and changing rooms to
any man who believes or feels he's a woman — and, as I've said, gender
confirmation certificates may now be granted without any need for
surgery or hormones — then you open the door to any and all men who
wish to come inside. That is the simple truth.
--J. K. Rowling
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/J._K._Rowling>
Marvel Tales and Unusual Stories were two U.S. semi-professional science
fiction magazines published by William L. Crawford, a science fiction
fan who believed that the pulp magazines were too limited in what they
would publish. In 1933, he distributed a flyer for Unusual Stories
(cover pictured), stating that no taboos would prevent the publication
of worthwhile fiction. It included a page from P. Schuyler Miller's
"The Titan", unsellable to professional magazines because of its sexual
content. A partial issue of Unusual Stories was distributed in early
1934, and Crawford launched Marvel Tales in May 1934. Five issues of
Marvel Tales and three of Unusual Stories appeared over two years. They
included Robert E. Howard's "The Garden of Fear", H. P. Lovecraft's
"Celephaïs", and Clifford D. Simak's "The Creator"; the last had
previously been rejected because of its religious theme. By 1936,
Crawford had plans to expand his enterprise, but limited finances meant
that no further issues appeared.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvel_Tales_and_Unusual_Stories>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1930:
Uruguay (captain pictured) defeated Argentina 4–2 at the
Estadio Centenario in Montevideo to win the inaugural FIFA World Cup.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930_FIFA_World_Cup>
1950:
At the height of a political crisis known as the royal
question, four workers were shot dead by the Belgian Gendarmerie at a
strike in Grâce-Berleur.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_question>
1975:
American labor-union leader Jimmy Hoffa disappeared after last
being seen outside a restaurant near Detroit.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Hoffa>
1981:
Amid a widespread economic crisis and food shortages in Poland,
up to 50,000 people, mostly women and children, took part in the largest
of nationwide hunger demonstrations in Łódź.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1981_Polish_hunger_demonstrations>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
tincture:
1. (transitive)
2. (chiefly in past participle form) To colour or stain (something)
with, or as if with, a dye or pigment.
3. (figuratively, chiefly in past participle form) Followed by with: to
add to or impregnate (something) with (a slight amount of) an abstract
or (obsolete) physical quality; to imbue, to taint, to tinge.
4. (pharmacy) To dissolve (a substance) in ethanol or some other solvent
to produce a medicinal tincture.
5. (intransitive, rare) To have a taint or tinge of some quality. [...]
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tincture>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
It doesn't hurt me. Do you want to feel how it feels? Do you
want to know that it doesn't hurt me? Do you want to hear about the
deal that I'm making? You, it's you and me. And if I only could, I'd
make a deal with God, And I'd get him to swap our places, Be running
up that road, Be running up that hill, Be running up that building.
--Kate Bush
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Kate_Bush>
Apollo 4 was the first flight in the Apollo program and served as an
initial uncrewed test of the Saturn V rocket. The first launch from
Kennedy Space Center, Florida, where the space vehicle was assembled, it
was originally planned to take place early in 1967 but was delayed to
November 9 due to a myriad of issues. These included the need for
additional inspections following the Apollo 1 fire that killed the
first Apollo crew in January 1967. Apollo 4 was an "all-up" test,
meaning that the spacecraft was fully functional on its initial flight,
the first such for NASA. The Apollo 4 command module splashed down just
under nine hours after its launch, having completed all objectives. NASA
deemed the mission a complete success as it proved that the Saturn V
rocket worked, which was important in achieving NASA's overall goal of
landing astronauts on the Moon and bringing them back safely by the end
of the 1960s.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_4>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1818:
French physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel submitted a memoir on
the diffraction of light to the Royal Academy of Sciences, providing
strong support for the wave theory of light.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustin-Jean_Fresnel>
1914:
The first shots of World War I were fired by the Austro-
Hungarian river monitor SMS Bodrog on Serbian defences near Belgrade.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yugoslav_monitor_Sava>
1954:
The first part of J. R. R. Tolkien's high-fantasy novel The
Lord of the Rings was published by Allen & Unwin.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
carnyx:
(music, historical) A bronze wind instrument used by Iron Age Celts (c.
200 B.C.E. – 200 C.E.) as a type of battle trumpet; held vertically when
played, it was shaped like an elongated S with a mouthpiece at the lower
end and a bell (often resembling an animal with an open mouth) at the
upper end.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/carnyx>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Now I understand what you tried to say to me How you suffered for
your sanity How you tried to set them free They would not listen —
They did not know how, Perhaps they'll listen now. For they could not
love you, But still your love was true And when no hope was left in
sight, on that starry starry night You took your life as lovers often
do, But I could have told you, Vincent, This world was never meant for
one as beautiful as you.
--Don McLean
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Don_McLean>
Thalassodromeus was a pterosaur (a flying reptile) that lived in what is
now northeastern Brazil about 100 million years ago, during the Early
Cretaceous. The original skull was discovered in 1983 in the Romualdo
Formation of the Araripe Basin. This genus had one of the largest known
skulls among pterosaurs, around 1.42 metres (4 ft 8 in) long, with one
of the largest cranial crests of any vertebrate in proportion to its
skull. Running from the tip of the upper jaw to beyond the occiput at
the back of the skull, the lightly built crest may have been used for
thermoregulation or in display behaviour. The crest may not have fully
developed until after sexual maturity. Though only the skull is known,
the animal is estimated to have had a wingspan of 4.2 to 4.5 m (14 to
15 ft). The jaws were toothless, with sharp upper and lower edges and
strong musculature. Thalassodromeus may have been able to kill and eat
prey on the ground.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalassodromeus>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1911:
The Australasian Antarctic Expedition began with the departure
of SY Aurora from London.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australasian_Antarctic_Expedition>
1939:
During the excavation of a 7th-century ship burial at Sutton
Hoo in Suffolk, England, archaeologists discovered a helmet that is
widely associated with King Rædwald of East Anglia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A6dwald_of_East_Anglia>
1940:
At the Salzburg Conference, German dictator Adolf Hitler
demanded the replacement of much of Slovakia's cabinet.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salzburg_Conference>
1995:
Two followers of the Indian mystic Rajneesh were convicted of
conspiring to assassinate Charles Turner, the U.S. attorney for the
District of Oregon.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1985_Rajneeshee_assassination_plot>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
lazaretto:
1. (historical)
2. A place reserved for people with infectious diseases (especially
leprosy or plague) to live on a long-term basis.
3. (also figuratively) A building such as a hospital, or occasionally a
ship, used to temporarily isolate sick people to prevent the spread of
infectious diseases; a quarantine.
4. (by extension, nautical) A place at the front of the tweendecks of a
merchant ship where provisions are stored.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lazaretto>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The deep desire to inspire people, to take an active part in the
life of the country … attracts our best people to political life …
We should all do something to right the wrongs that we see and not just
complain about them. We owe that to our country.
--Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis>
The human history of Chincoteague, an island on the Eastern Shore of
Virginia, begins with Native Americans gathering shellfish there.
"Chincoteague" is said to have meant "Beautiful land across the water"
in their language. The local feral population of Chincoteague ponies
likely originated from European settlers using the island in the 17th
century to graze livestock. Seafood resources were systematically
exploited in the early 19th century, and oysters became a major industry
after the Civil War. Chincoteague's relative isolation ended in 1876
when the railroad arrived at Franklin City, across Chincoteague Bay, and
a steamboat service was introduced; a road causeway was completed in
1922. The Chincoteague Fire Department was established in 1925 and took
over the traditional pony penning to raise funds. The 1947 book Misty of
Chincoteague and its 1961 film helped publicize the island. The annual
carnival, pony swim (pictured) and subsequent auction now attract tens
of thousands of visitors.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Chincoteague,_Virginia>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1214:
Philip II of France decisively won the Battle of Bouvines, the
conclusive battle of the 1213–1214 Anglo-French War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bouvines>
1942:
Second World War: Allied forces halted the Axis invasion of
Egypt at the First Battle of El Alamein.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_El_Alamein>
1949:
The de Havilland Comet, the world's first commercial jet
airliner to reach production, made its maiden flight.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Havilland_Comet>
1983:
American musician Madonna released her self-titled debut album,
which set the standard for the genre of dance-pop for decades.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna_%28Madonna_album%29>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
vituperate:
1. (transitive)
2. To criticize (someone or something) in an abusive or harsh manner.
3. To attack (someone or something) with abusive language; to revile, to
vilify.
4. (intransitive) To use abusive or harsh words.
5. Of, characterized by, or relating to abusive or harsh criticism.
6. (rare) Which has been abusively or harshly criticized; also,
deserving harsh criticism.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vituperate>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
What a life, you wear it like propriety What a life, you do it
like you really mean it What a life, I watch it like a scary movie
What a life, what a life, what a life.
--Juliana Hatfield
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Juliana_Hatfield>
Barkhale Camp is a causewayed enclosure, a Neolithic archaeological site
on Bignor Hill, on the South Downs of West Sussex, England. English
causewayed enclosures, built from around 3700 BC until at least
3500 BC, are enclosed with ditches interrupted by gaps, or causeways.
They may have been settlements, meeting places, or ritual sites.
Barkhale Camp was identified by John Ryle in 1929 and surveyed the
following year by E. Cecil Curwen, who listed it as a possible
Neolithic site. A small trench was dug in 1930 by Ryle, and more
extensive excavation was undertaken by Veronica Seton-Williams between
1958 and 1961, which found a characteristically Neolithic assemblage of
flints. Peter Leach conducted another excavation in 1978, examining
several mounds and attempting to find the line of the ditch and bank
along the southern boundary. No material suitable for radiocarbon
dating was recovered, but Leach suggested that the site was constructed
in the earlier Neolithic, between 4000 BC and 3300 BC.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barkhale_Camp>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1936:
The Canadian National Vimy Memorial (unveiling pictured),
dedicated to the Canadian Expeditionary Force members killed in the
First World War, was unveiled in Pas-de-Calais, France.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_National_Vimy_Memorial>
1953:
The Battle of the Samichon River, the last engagement of the
Korean War, ended only a few hours before the Korean Armistice Agreement
was signed.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Samichon_River>
1968:
After coming second to Nguyễn Văn Thiệu in a rigged
presidential election, Trương Đình Dzu was jailed by a South
Vietnamese military court for illicit currency transactions.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_%C4%90%C3%ACnh_Dzu>
2016:
A former employee carried out a mass stabbing at a care home
for disabled people in Sagamihara, killing 19 people and wounding 26
others.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagamihara_stabbings>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
soigneur:
(cycle racing) A non-riding member of a racing team whose role is to
provide support (such as massages, supplies, and transportation) for the
cyclists.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/soigneur>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
It all depends on how we look at things, and not on how they are
in themselves. The least of things with a meaning is worth more in life
than the greatest of things without it.
--Carl Jung
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Carl_Jung>
Edward the Elder (c. 874 – 924) was King of the Anglo-Saxons from
899 until his death. He was the elder son of Alfred the Great and his
wife Ealhswith. When Edward succeeded to the throne, the Vikings ruled
Northumbria, East Anglia and eastern Mercia, leaving only Wessex and
western Mercia under Anglo-Saxon control. In 910 a Mercian and West
Saxon army inflicted a decisive defeat on an invading Northumbrian army,
ending the threat from the northern Vikings. In the 910s, Edward
conquered Viking-ruled southern England in partnership with his sister
Æthelflæd, who ruled Mercia. By 919 he ruled Wessex, Mercia and East
Anglia, and only Northumbria remained under Viking rule. Edward was
admired by medieval chroniclers, but he was largely ignored by modern
historians until the 1990s, partly because few primary sources for his
reign survive. He is now seen as destroying the power of the Vikings in
southern England while laying the foundations for a south-centred united
English kingdom.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_the_Elder>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1261:
Nicaean–Latin wars: Alexios Strategopoulos led Nicaean forces
to recapture Constantinople, leading to the reestablishment of the
Byzantine Empire and the end of the Latin Empire.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexios_Strategopoulos>
1898:
Spanish–American War: After more than two months of sea-based
bombardment, the United States invaded Puerto Rico.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Rico_campaign>
1948:
Australia (captain pictured) set a world record for the highest
successful run-chase in Test cricket history during the Fourth Test of
the Ashes series against England.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Test,_1948_Ashes_series>
1976:
The orbiting spacecraft Viking 1 took a photograph of an
apparent face on Mars in a classic example of pareidolia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cydonia_%28Mars%29>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
resound:
1. (transitive)
2. To make (sounds), or to speak (words), loudly or reverberatingly.
3. Of a place: to cause (a sound) to reverberate; to echo.
4. To praise or spread the fame of (someone or something) with the voice
or the sound of musical instruments; to celebrate, to extol; also, to
declare (someone) to be a certain thing.
5. (intransitive)
6. Of a place: to reverberate with sound or noise.
7. Of a sound, a voice, etc.: to reverberate; to ring.
8. Especially of a musical instrument: to make a (deep or reverberating)
sound; also, to make sounds continuously.
9. (figuratively)
10. Of an event: to have a major effect in a certain place or time.
11. Of a person, their reputation, etc.: to be much lauded or mentioned.
[...]
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/resound>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Passionate hatred can give meaning and purpose to an empty life.
Thus people haunted by the purposelessness of their lives try to find a
new content not only by dedicating themselves to a holy cause but also
by nursing a fanatical grievance. A mass movement offers them unlimited
opportunities for both.
--Eric Hoffer
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Eric_Hoffer>
John Tyndall (1934–2005) was a British fascist and political activist.
A member of various small neo-Nazi groups during the late 1950s and
1960s, he led the National Front from 1972 to 1974 and again from 1976
to 1980, and then headed the British National Party from 1982 to 1999.
He unsuccessfully stood for election to the House of Commons several
times and to the European Parliament in 1999. Tyndall promoted a racial-
nationalist belief in a distinct white "British race", arguing that this
race was threatened by a Jewish conspiracy to encourage non-white
migration into Britain. He called for an authoritarian state which would
deport all non-whites from the country, engage in a eugenics project,
and re-establish the British Empire through the military conquest of
parts of Africa. He never gained mainstream political respectability in
the United Kingdom but was popular among sectors of the British far-
right. In 2005, Tyndall was charged with incitement to racial hatred but
died before trial.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tyndall_%28far-right_activist%29>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1980:
The Australian swimming team, nicknamed the Quietly Confident
Quartet, won the men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay at the Moscow
Olympics.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%9…>
2009:
MV Arctic Sea, declared to be carrying a cargo of timber, was
allegedly boarded by hijackers off the coast of Sweden in an incident
that remains incompletely explained.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MV_Arctic_Sea>
2014:
Fifty minutes after departing Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Air
Algérie Flight 5017 disappeared from radar; its wreckage was found the
next day in Mali, with no survivors of the 116 people aboard.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Alg%C3%A9rie_Flight_5017>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
peloton:
1. (cycle racing) A group of riders formed during a cycling road race;
especially, the main group of riders; the pack.
2. (military, chiefly historical) Synonym of platoon (“a small group of
soldiers”)
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/peloton>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Be warm, enjoy the season, lift your head, Exquisite in the
pulse of tainted blood, That shivering glory not to be despised. Take
your delight in momentariness, Walk between dark and dark — a shining
space With the grave’s narrowness, though not its peace.
--Robert Graves
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Robert_Graves>
"No" is a song by American singer-songwriter Meghan Trainor from her
second major-label studio album Thank You (2016). Ricky Reed (pictured)
produced the song and wrote it with Trainor and Jacob Kasher Hindlin;
Epic Records released it as the album's lead single on March 4, 2016. A
dance-pop song inspired by 1990s music and R&B;, "No" has lyrics about
sexual consent and women's empowerment which encourage them to reject
unwanted advances from men. Critics praised "No" as a showcase of her
confident and mature side, and an improvement from the lyrics on her
earlier songs. Charting in the top 10 in various countries, including
at number 3 in the U.S., it earned multi-platinum certifications in
Australia, Canada, and Poland. Critics compared its music video, which
features Trainor dancing in a warehouse, to those of 1990s female
artists and praised her evolution. She performed "No" on her 2016
concert tour and television shows such as the iHeartRadio Music Awards
and The Ellen DeGeneres Show.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_%28Meghan_Trainor_song%29>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1927:
Wilfred Rhodes of England and Yorkshire became the only person
to play in 1,000 first-class cricket matches.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilfred_Rhodes>
1942:
The Holocaust: The gas chambers at Treblinka extermination camp
began operation, killing 6,500 Jews who had been transported from the
Warsaw Ghetto the day before.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treblinka_extermination_camp>
1982:
A helicopter crashed during the filming of Twilight Zone: The
Movie in Valencia, California, killing three people and leading to new
safety standards.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twilight_Zone_accident>
1995:
Hale–Bopp, one of the most widely observed comets of the 20th
century, was independently discovered by astronomers Alan Hale and
Thomas Bopp.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet_Hale%E2%80%93Bopp>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
last chance saloon:
1. (chiefly Western US, historical) A saloon located at the end of a
road or the outskirts of a town.
2. (chiefly Britain, figuratively) A place that one is said to inhabit
when facing an imminent disaster with diminishing or limited remaining
opportunities to avoid it; a last chance to take action.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/last_chance_saloon>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Donald Trump wasn’t looking for the right answer legally or the
right answer factually. He was looking for a way to remain in office.
… In our hearing tonight, you saw an American president faced with a
stark, unmistakable choice between right and wrong. There was no
ambiguity, no nuance. Donald Trump made a purposeful choice to violate
his oath of office, to ignore the ongoing violence against law
enforcement, to threaten our Constitutional order. There is no way to
excuse that behavior. It was indefensible. And every American must
consider this: Can a president who is willing to make the choices Donald
Trump made during the violence of January 6th ever be trusted with any
position of authority in our great nation again?
--Liz Cheney
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Liz_Cheney>
The Anglo-Scottish War was the final conflict in the British Wars of the
Three Kingdoms. When the Royalists were defeated in 1648, after the
First and Second English Civil Wars, the English government ordered the
execution of their king, Charles I, who was also, separately, the king
of Scotland, then an independent nation. The Parliament of Scotland
declared his son, Charles II (depicted), to be King of Britain. Seeing
this as a threat, an English army under Oliver Cromwell invaded Scotland
on 22 July 1650. After a month of manoeuvring Cromwell heavily defeated
the Scots at Dunbar. In July 1651 the English crossed the Firth of
Forth and defeated the Scots at Inverkeithing, cutting their army off
from supply and reinforcements. In desperation Charles II invaded
England in August. Cromwell pursued, brought the badly outnumbered Scots
to battle on 3 September 1651 and completely defeated them, ending the
Wars of the Three Kingdoms and resulting in Scotland's absorption into
the English Commonwealth.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Scottish_war_%281650%E2%80%931652%29>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1209:
A crusader army captured Béziers, France, and massacred the
city's inhabitants in the first major military action of the Albigensian
Crusade.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massacre_at_B%C3%A9ziers>
1691:
Williamite forces defeated the Jacobites at the Battle of
Aughrim, the decisive battle of the Williamite War in Ireland.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Aughrim>
1802:
Gia Long conquered Hanoi and unified modern-day Vietnam, which
had experienced centuries of feudal warfare.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gia_Long>
1997:
Written and illustrated by Eiichiro Oda, One Piece, the best-
selling manga series in history, debuted in Weekly Shōnen Jump.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Piece>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
sundry:
1. More than one or two but not very many; a number of, several.
2. Of various types, especially when numerous; diverse, varied.
3. Consisting of an assortment of different kinds; miscellaneous.
4. (archaic) Chiefly preceded by a number or an adjective like many: of
two or more similar people or things: not the same as other persons or
things of the same nature; different, distinct, separate. (Contrast
sense 5.2.)
5. (obsolete)
6. Relating to a single person or thing as opposed to more than one;
individual, respective.
7. Of a person or thing: not the same as something else; different.
(Contrast sense 4.)
8. (except Scotland) Not attached or connected to anything else;
physically separate. [...]
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sundry>
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Wikiquote quote of the day:
Since the beginning of the war, Russia has launched more than
3,000 different cruise missiles over Ukraine, but to destroy someone's
family, you don't even need a missile, a small fragment is enough. … I
appeal to you on behalf of all the dead. On behalf of people who have
lost arms and legs. And on behalf of people who are still alive and
well. On behalf of those who are fighting and those who are waiting in
the rear for the return of their relatives from the front. I'm asking
for something now that I never wanted to ask for. I am asking you for
weapons! Weapons not for waging war on someone else's land, but to
protect our home and the right to wake up in it alive. I am asking you
for anti-aircraft defense — so that rockets do not kill children in
their strollers. So that they do not destroy children's rooms and entire
families.
--Olena Zelenska
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Olena_Zelenska>