Brougham Castle, founded by Robert de Vieuxpont in the early 13th century, is south-east of Penrith, Cumbria, England, on the site of Brocavum, a Roman fort. The castle is scheduled as an Ancient Monument, along with the fort, as "Brougham Roman fort and Brougham Castle". The Vieuxponts were a powerful land-owning family in North West England and also owned the castles of Appleby and Brough. When the castle was built, Vieuxpont was one of a few lords loyal to the king in the region. In 1264 his grandson, also named Robert, was declared a traitor and his property was confiscated by Henry III. Brougham Castle and the other estates were eventually returned to the Vieuxpont family. The castle ruins were mentioned at the start of William Wordsworth's poem The Prelude, and were the subject of his Song at the Feast of Brougham Castle upon the Restoration of Lord Clifford, the Shepherd, to the Estates and Honours of his Ancestors. They also inspired a painting by J. M. W. Turner. The castle was left to the Ministry of Works in the 1930s and is today maintained by its successor, English Heritage.

Read more: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brougham_Castle

_______________________________ Today's selected anniversaries:

1600:

The Peruvian stratovolcano Huaynaputina exploded in the most violent eruption in the recorded history of South America. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huaynaputina

1811:

Peninsular War: An outnumbered French force under Édouard Mortier routed and nearly destroyed the Spanish at the Battle of the Gebora near Badajoz, Spain. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Gebora

1942:

Second World War: In the largest attack mounted by a foreign power against Australia, more than 240 Japanese aircraft bombed Darwin, Northern Territory. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Darwin

1942:

World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, authorizing the forcible relocation of over 112,000 Japanese Americans to internment camps (Manzanar War Relocation Center pictured). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internment_of_Japanese_Americans

2011:

Items from the Belitung shipwreck, the biggest single collection of Tang dynasty artefacts found in one location, were first put on display in Singapore. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belitung_shipwreck

_____________________________ Wiktionary's word of the day:

Dolly Daydream: A girl or woman given to daydreaming. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Dolly_Daydream

___________________________ Wikiquote quote of the day:

If perchance there should be foolish speakers who, together with those ignorant of all mathematics, will take it upon themselves to decide concerning these things, and because of some place in the Scriptures wickedly distorted to their purpose, should dare to assail this my work, they are of no importance to me, to such an extent do I despise their judgment as rash.   --Nicolaus Copernicus https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicus