The Mozambican War of Independence was an armed conflict between Portugal and the guerrilla forces of the Mozambique Liberation Front. It began on September 25, 1964, and ended with a cease fire on September 8, 1974. The war erupted from unrest and frustration amongst many indigenous Mozambican populations, who perceived foreign rule to be a form of exploitation and resented Portugal's policies towards indigenous people. As successful self-determination movements spread throughout Africa after World War II, many Mozambicans became progressively nationalistic in outlook. For the other side, many enculturated indigenous Africans who were fully integrated into the social organization of Portuguese Mozambique reacted to the independentist claims with discomfort and suspicion. The ethnic Portuguese of the territory, including most of the ruling authorities, responded with increased military presence and fast-paced development projects. The Portuguese regular army held the upper hand during the conflict (propaganda pictured) but Mozambique achieved independence in 1975 after the Carnation Revolution in Portugal, ending 470 years of Portuguese colonial rule in the East African region.

Read more: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambican_War_of_Independence

_______________________________ Today's selected anniversaries:

762:

Led by Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, the Hasanid branch of the Alids began the Alid Revolt against the Abbasid Caliphate. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alid_Revolt_(762%E2%80%9363)

1868:

The Russian frigate Alexander Nevsky wrecked off northwestern Jutland, nearly drowning Grand Duke Alexei (pictured). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_frigate_Alexander_Nevsky

1944:

World War II: British troops began their withdrawal from the Battle of Arnhem in the Netherlands, ending the Allies' Operation Market Garden in defeat. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Arnhem

1974:

The first surgery to replace the ulnar collateral ligament, commonly known as the Tommy John surgery after the first patient, was performed by Dr. Frank Jobe. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_John_surgery

1996:

The last Magdalene asylum, an Irish institution to rehabilitate so-called "fallen women", was closed. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdalene_asylum

_____________________________ Wiktionary's word of the day:

lampoon: To satirize or poke fun at. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lampoon

___________________________ Wikiquote quote of the day:

What I do is based on powers we all have inside us; the ability to endure; the ability to love, to carry on, to make the best of what we have — and you don’t have to be a "Superman" to do it.   --Christopher Reeve https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Christopher_Reeve