The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is an anti-Semitic text purporting to describe a plan to achieve global domination by the Jewish people. Following its first public publication in 1903 in the Russian Empire, numerous independent investigations have repeatedly proved the writing to be a hoax; notably, a series of articles printed in The Times of London in 1921 revealed that much of the material was directly plagiarized from earlier works of political satire unrelated to Jews. Nevertheless, some people continue to view it as factual, especially in parts of the world where anti-Semitism, anti-Judaism, or anti-Zionism are widespread. It is frequently quoted and reprinted by anti-Semites, and is sometimes used as evidence of Jewish conspiracy, especially in the Middle East. The Protocols are widely considered the beginning of contemporary conspiracy theory literature, and take the form of an instruction manual to a new member of the "Elders", describing how they will run the world through control of the media and finance and replace the traditional social order with one based on mass manipulation.

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_______________________________ Today's selected anniversaries:

1279: The Song Dynasty in Imperial China ended with a Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_Dynasty)

1687: The search for the mouth of the Mississippi River led by French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle ended with a mutiny and his murder in present-day Texas. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%83%C2%A9-Robert_Cavelier%2C_Sieur_de_La_...)

1915: The planet Pluto was photographed for the first time, 15 years before it was eventually discovered by Clyde Tombaugh at the Lowell Observatory. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluto)

1932: The Sydney Harbour Bridge, a major landmark in Sydney, Australia, was formally opened. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Harbour_Bridge)

1982: Argentine forces led by Alfredo Astiz occupied South Georgia, precipitating the Falklands War against the United Kingdom. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands)

_____________________ Wikiquote of the day:

''Who save the madman dares to cry: "'Tis I am right, you all are wrong"? "You all are right, you all are wrong," we hear the careless Soofi say, "For each believes his glimm'ering lamp to be the gorgeous light of day." -- Sir Richard Francis Burton (http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Richard_Francis_Burton)