The War of the Spanish Succession was a major European armed conflict
that arose in 1701 after the death of the last Spanish Habsburg king,
Charles II. The war proceeded for over a decade, and was marked by the
military leadership of notable generals such as the Duc de Villars and
the Duke of Berwick for France, the Duke of Marlborough for England,
and Prince Eugene of Savoy for the Austrians. The war was concluded by
the treaties of Utrecht (1713) and Rastatt (1714). As a result, Philip
V remained King of Spain, but was removed from the French line of
succession, thereby averting a union of France and Spain. The
Austrians gained most of the Spanish territories in Italy and the
Netherlands. As a result, France's hegemony over continental Europe
was ended, and the idea of a balance of power became a part of the
international order due to its mention in the Treaty of Utrecht.
Read the rest of this article:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession
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Today's selected anniversaries:
1471:
Wars of the Roses: Yorkist Edward IV defeated a Lancastrian army in
the Battle of Tewkesbury.
(
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tewkesbury)
1855:
William Walker and group of mercenaries sailed from San Francisco to
conquer Nicaragua.
(
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Walker_%28soldier%29)
1919:
The May Fourth Movement began with large-scale student demonstrations
in Tiananmen Square in Peking, China against the Paris Peace
Conference and Japan's Twenty-one demands.
(
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_Fourth_Movement)
1953:
Ernest Hemingway was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for The Old Man and
the Sea.
(
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Old_Man_and_the_Sea)
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Wikiquote of the day:
"Be ashamed to die until you have won some victory for humanity." --
Horace Mann
(
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Horace_Mann)