Dürer's Rhinoceros is the name commonly given to a woodcut engraved by Albrecht Dürer in 1515. The image was based on a written description and brief sketch by an unknown artist of an Indian rhinoceros that had arrived in Lisbon earlier that year. Dürer never saw the actual rhinoceros, which was the first living example seen in Europe since Roman times. In late 1515, the King of Portugal, Manuel I, sent the animal as a gift for Pope Leo X, but it died in a shipwreck off the coast of Italy in early 1516. A live rhinoceros was not seen again in Europe until a second specimen arrived from India at the court of Phillip II in Spain in 1577. Despite its anatomical inaccuracies, Dürer's woodcut became very popular in Europe and was copied many times in the following three centuries. It was regarded as a true representation of a rhinoceros into the late 18th century. Eventually, it was supplanted by more realistic drawings and paintings, particularly paintings and engravings of Clara the rhinoceros, who toured Europe in the 1740s and 1750s. It has been said of Dürer's woodcut that "probably no animal picture has exerted such a profound influence on the arts".
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_______________________________ Today's selected anniversaries:
1830: Belgian Revolution: A provisional government in Brussels declared the creation of the independent and neutral state of Belgium, in revolt against the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgian_Revolution)
1883: The Orient Express began operations. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orient_Express)
1910: Manuel II, the last King of Portugal, fled to the United Kingdom when a revolution erupted in Lisbon and his palace was shelled. The Portuguese First Republic was proclaimed the next day. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_II_of_Portugal)
1957: Soviet spacecraft Sputnik 1 was launched by an R-7 rocket from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakh SSR and became the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_1)
1993: Russian Constitutional Crisis: Tanks bombarded the White House in Moscow, a government building that housed the Russian parliament, where demonstrators against President Boris Yeltsin rallied outside. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_constitutional_crisis_of_1993)
_____________________ Wikiquote of the day:
A comedian does funny things. A good comedian does things funny. -- Buster Keaton (http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Buster_Keaton)