Alcibiades was a prominent Athenian statesman, orator, and general. The last famous member of an aristocratic family that fell from prominence after the Peloponnesian War, he played a major role in the second half of that conflict as a strategic advisor, military commander, and politician. During the course of the Peloponnesian War, Alcibiades changed his allegiance on several occasions. In his native Athens in the early 410s BC, he advocated for an aggressive foreign policy, and was a prominent proponent of the Sicilian Expedition, but fled to Sparta after his political enemies brought charges of sacrilege against him. In the years that he served Sparta, Alcibiades played a crucial role in Athens' undoing; the capture of Decelea and the revolts of several critical Athenian subjects occurred either at his suggestion or under his supervision. Once restored to his native city, however, he played a crucial role in a string of Athenian victories that eventually brought Sparta to seek a peace with Athens. He favored unconventional tactics, frequently winning cities over by treachery or negotiation rather than by siege. Alcibiades' military and political talents frequently proved valuable to whichever state currently held his allegiance, but his capacity for making powerful enemies ensured that he never remained in one place for long, and, by the end of the war that he had helped rekindle in the early 410s, his days of political relevance were a bygone memory.
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_______________________________ Today's selected anniversaries:
1301: The Árpád dynasty in Hungary ended with the death of King Andrew III. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_dynasty)
1639: The Fundamental Orders, the first written constitution that created a government, was adopted in Connecticut. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_Orders_of_Connecticut)
1900: Giacomo Puccini's opera Tosca premiered at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca)
1972: Queen Margrethe II of Denmark ascended to the throne under a new act of succession. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margrethe_II_of_Denmark)
2004: The national flag of Georgia, the so-called Five Cross Flag, was restored to official use after a hiatus of some 500 years. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Georgia_(country))
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I still feel that sincerity and realism are avant-garde, or can be, just as I did when I started out. -- Edmund White (http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Edmund_White)