Justus (died between 627 and 631) was the fourth Archbishop of
Canterbury. He was sent from Italy to England by Pope Gregory the
Great, on a mission to Christianize the Anglo-Saxons from their native
Anglo-Saxon paganism, probably arriving with the second group of
missionaries despatched in 601. Justus became the first Bishop of
Rochester in 604, and attended a church council in Paris in 614.
Following the death of King Æthelberht of Kent in 616, Justus was
forced to flee to Gaul, but was reinstated in his diocese the following
year. In 624 Justus became Archbishop of Canterbury, overseeing the
despatch of missionaries to Northumbria. After his death he was revered
as a saint, and had a shrine in St Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury.
(more...)
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_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1757:
Louis XV of France survived an assassination attempt by Robert-François
Damiens, who later became the last person to be executed in France by
drawing and quartering.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert-Fran%C3%A7ois_Damiens>
1976:
The Troubles: In response to the killings of six Catholics the night
before, the South Armagh Republican Action Force killed ten Protestants
in County Armagh, Northern Ireland.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reavey_and_O%27Dowd_killings>
1996:
Hamas operative Yahya Ayyash was assassinated by a bomb-laden cell
phone, planted by Israel's Shin Bet.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahya_Ayyash>
2005:
Eris, the largest known dwarf planet in the Solar System, was
discovered by a team led by Michael E. Brown using images originally
taken on October 21, 2003, at the Palomar Observatory in San Diego
County, California.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eris_%28dwarf_planet%29>
2008:
Mikheil Saakashvili was decisively re-elected as President of Georgia
in "the first genuinely competitive presidential election" in the
history of Georgia.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_presidential_election%2C_2008>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
timbre (n):
The quality of a sound independent of its pitch and volume
<http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/timbre>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
In view of the fact that God limited the intelligence of man, it seems
unfair that he did not also limit his stupidity.
--Konrad Adenauer
<http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer>
120px|Australian troops enter Bardia.
The Battle of Bardia was fought over three days between 3 and 5
January 1941, as part of Operation Compass in the Second World War.
Australian Major General Iven Mackay's 6th Division assaulted the
strongly held Italian fortress of Bardia, Libya, assisted by air
support and naval gunfire, and under the cover of an artillery barrage.
The 16th Infantry Brigade attacked at dawn from the west, where the
defences were known to be weak. This allowed the infantry and 23
Matilda II tanks of the 7th Royal Tank Regiment to enter the fortress
and capture all their objectives, along with 8,000 prisoners. In the
second phase of the operation, the 17th Infantry Brigade exploited the
breach made in the perimeter. On the second day, the 16th Infantry
Brigade captured the township of Bardia, cutting the fortress in two.
On the third day, the 19th Infantry Brigade advanced south from Bardia,
supported by artillery and the Matilda tanks. Meanwhile, the Italian
garrisons in the north surrendered to the 16th Infantry Brigade and the
Support Group of the British 7th Armoured Division. The victory at
Bardia enabled the Allied forces to continue the advance into Libya and
ultimately capture almost all of Cyrenaica. (more...)
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_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1888:
The 91Â cm refracting telescope at the Lick Observatory near San Jose,
California, at the time the largest telescope in the world, was used
for the first time.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lick_Observatory>
1911:
A 7.7 Mw earthquake destroyed the city of Almaty in Russian Turkestan.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1911_Kebin_earthquake>
1919:
Emir Faisal of Iraq signed an agreement with Zionist leader Chaim
Weizmann on the development of a Jewish homeland in Palestine and an
Arab nation in a large part of the Middle East.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faisal%E2%80%93Weizmann_Agreement>
1976:
The multilateral International Covenant on Economic, Social and
Cultural Rights, part of the International Bill of Human Rights, came
into effect.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Covenant_on_Economic%2C_Social_a…>
1990:
United States invasion of Panama: General Manuel Noriega, the deposed
"strongman of Panama", surrendered to American forces.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Noriega>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
and how (phrase):
(idiomatic, colloquial) Used to strongly confirm preceding utterance
<http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/and_how>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
He who looks on a true friend looks, as it were, upon a kind of image
of himself: wherefore friends, though absent, are still present; though
in poverty, they are rich; though weak, yet in the enjoyment of health;
and, what is still more difficult to assert, though dead, they are
alive.
--Cicero
<http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Cicero>
110px|Jacksonville Municipal Stadium, site of the 2006 Gator Bowl
The 2006 Gator Bowl was a college football bowl game between the
Louisville Cardinals and the Virginia Tech Hokies in Jacksonville,
Florida on January 2, 2006. Virginia Tech was selected as a participant
in the 2006 Gator Bowl following a 10–2 regular season; a loss to
Florida State in the inaugural ACC Championship Game gave Tech a
position in the Gator Bowl instead of the more prestigious Orange Bowl
game. Facing the 12th-ranked Hokies were the 15th-ranked Cardinals, who
finished 9–2 during the regular season of their first year in the Big
East Conference. Louisville led for much of the game, beginning with an
11-yard touchdown pass in the first quarter by backup quarterback
Hunter Cantwell. In the second half, however, Virginia Tech's offense
began to have success. Tech earned the only points of the third
quarter—a 28-yard field goal from kicker Brandon Pace—to narrow
Louisville's lead to 17–13. In the fourth quarter, the game fully
turned in the Hokies' favor. Though Louisville scored a touchdown early
in the quarter, Virginia Tech scored 22Â unanswered points in the final
13 minutes of the game to take a 35–24 lead and earn the win. (more...)
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_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
366:
The Alamanni, an alliance of west Germanic tribes, crossed the frozen
Rhine in large numbers to invade the Roman Empire.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamanni>
1920:
Under the leadership of U.S. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer ,
Department of Justice agents launched a series of raids against radical
leftists and anarchists across 30 cities in 23 states.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmer_Raids>
1941:
Second World War: The Llandaff Cathedral in Cardiff, Wales, was
severely damaged by German bombing during the Cardiff Blitz.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llandaff_Cathedral>
1971:
At Ibrox Park in Glasgow, Scotland, 66 people were killed in a stampede
during an Old Firm football match.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibrox_disaster>
2004:
The Stardust space probe flew by the comet Wild 2 and collected
particle samples from its coma, which were later returned to Earth.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/81P/Wild>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
neonate (n):
A newborn infant; recently born baby
<http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/neonate>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Science fiction writers foresee the inevitable, and although problems
and catastrophes may be inevitable, solutions are not.
--Isaac Asimov
<http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Isaac_Asimov>
100px|Sheet music cover of "On the Banks of the Wabash, Far Away"
"On the Banks of the Wabash, Far Away" was among the best-selling
songs of the 19th century in terms of sheet music sold. Written and
composed by American songwriter Paul Dresser, it was published by the
Tin Pan Alley firm of Howley, Haviland & Co. in October 1897. The
lyrics of the ballad reminisce about life near Dresser's childhood home
by the Wabash River in Indiana. It remained popular for decades and the
Indiana General Assembly adopted it as the official state song on March
14, 1913. The song was the basis for a 1923 film by the same title. Its
longtime popularity led to the emergence of several different lyrical
versions, including an 1898 anti-war song and a Swedish version that
was a number one hit. The song was composed during a transitory time in
musical history when songs first began to be recorded for the
phonograph. It was among the earliest pieces of popular music to be
recorded. Dresser's inability to control the distribution of phonograph
cylinders led him and his company to join other composers to petition
the United States Congress to expand federal copyright protections over
the new technology. (more...)
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_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1801:
The Kingdom of Ireland formally merged with the Kingdom of Great
Britain, adding St. Patrick's saltire to the Union Flag.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800>
1808:
As a result of the lobbying efforts by the Abolitionist Movement, the
importation of slaves into the United States was officially banned,
although slavery itself was not yet abolished.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/slavery_in_the_United_States>
1810:
Lachlan Macquarie became Governor of New South Wales, eventually
playing a major role in the shaping of the social, economic and
architectural development of the colony in Australia.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lachlan_Macquarie>
1959:
Cuban President Fulgencio Batista fled to the Dominican Republic as
forces under Fidel Castro took control of Havana, marking the end of
the Cuban Revolution.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_Revolution>
1983:
The ARPANET changed its core networking protocols from NCP to TCP/IP,
marking the beginning of the Internet as we know it today.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Internet>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
anacrusis (n):
1. (prosody) an unstressed syllable at the start of a verse
2. (music) an unstressed note or notes before the first strong beat
(or downbeat) of a phrase
<http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/anacrusis>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
All we do our whole lives is go from one little piece of Holy Ground to
the next.
--J. D. Salinger
<http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/J._D._Salinger>
100px|Charles Stewart in 1940
Charles Stewart (1868–1946) was a Canadian politician who served as
the third Premier of Alberta from 1917 until 1921. As Premier, Stewart
tried to hold together his Liberal Party, which was divided by the
Conscription Crisis of 1917. He endeavored to enforce prohibition,
which had been enshrined in law by a referendum during the premiership
of his predecessor, Arthur Sifton, but found that the law was not
widely enough supported to be effectively policed. His government took
over several of the province's financially troubled railroads, and
guaranteed bonds sold to fund irrigation projects. Several of these
policies were the result of lobbying by the United Farmers of Alberta
(UFA), with which Stewart enjoyed good relations; even so, the UFA was
politicized during Stewart's premiership and ran candidates in the 1921
election. Unable to match the UFA's appeal to rural voters, Stewart's
government was defeated at the polls and he resigned as premier. After
leaving provincial politics, Stewart was invited to join the federal
cabinet of William Lyon Mackenzie King, in which he served as Minister
of the Interior and Mines. He served in King's cabinet until 1930, when
the King government was defeated; in 1935, so too was Stewart. He died
in December 1946 in Ottawa. (more...)
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_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1066:
A Muslim mob stormed the royal palace in Granada, crucified vizier
Joseph ibn Naghrela and massacred most of the Berber Jewish population
of the city.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre>
1702:
Carolina colonial governor James Moore abandoned the siege against the
Castillo de San Marcos at St. Augustine, Spanish Florida, and retreated
to Charles Town in disgrace.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_St._Augustine_%281702%29>
1924:
Astronomer Edwin Hubble announced that Andromeda , previously believed
to be a nebula, is actually another galaxy, and that the Milky Way is
only one of many such galaxies in the universe.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_Hubble>
1965:
Ferdinand Marcos began his 21-year rule as President of the
Philippines.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos>
2006:
Basque nationalist group ETA detonated a van bomb at Madrid-Barajas
Airport in Madrid, Spain, ending a nine-month ceasefire.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Madrid-Barajas_Airport_bombing>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
koomkie (n):
A tame female elephant used as a decoy in the capture of wild male
elephants
<http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/koomkie>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
One makes mistakes; that is life. But it is never a mistake to have
loved.
--Romain Rolland
<http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Romain_Rolland>
90px|William Shatner directed, co-wrote, and acted in Star Trek V: The
Final Frontier.
Star Trek V: The Final Frontier is a 1989 American science fiction
film released by Paramount Pictures. It is the fifth feature in the
franchise and the penultimate to star the cast of the original Star
Trek science fiction television series. Taking place shortly after the
events of Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home, the plot follows the crew of
the USS Enterprise-A as they confront a renegade Vulcan, Sybok, who is
searching for God at the center of the galaxy. The film was directed by
cast member William Shatner (pictured), following two films directed by
his co-star, Leonard Nimoy. Shatner also developed the initial
storyline in which Sybok searches for God, but instead finds Satan. The
original script was disliked by series creator Gene Roddenberry, while
Nimoy and DeForest Kelley objected to the premise that their
characters, Spock and Leonard McCoy, would betray Shatner's James T.
Kirk. The script went through multiple revisions to please the cast and
studio, including cuts in the effects-laden climax of the film. The
film's ending was reworked because of poor test audience reaction and
the failure of planned special effects. The Final Frontier was released
in North America on June 9, 1989, amidst a summer box office crowded by
sequels and blockbuster films. The film received generally mixed or
poor reviews by critics on release, and according to its producer
nearly killed the franchise. (more...)
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_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1835:
The United States signed the Treaty of New Echota with leaders of a
minority Cherokee faction, which became the legal basis for the
forcible removal known as the Trail of Tears.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_New_Echota>
1860:
To counter the French Navy's La Gloire, the world's first ironclad
warship, the British Royal Navy launched the world's first iron-hulled
armoured battleship, HMS Warrior.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Warrior_%281860%29>
1911:
Sun Yat-sen was elected in Nanking as the provisional President of the
Republic of China.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen>
1930:
Muhammad Iqbal introduced the Two-Nation Theory outlining a vision for
the creation of an independent state for Muslim-majority provinces in
northwestern British India.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-Nation_Theory>
1937:
The Constitution of Ireland, the founding legal document of the state
known today as the Republic of Ireland, came into force.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland>
1959:
Physicist Richard Feynman gave a speech entitled "There's Plenty of
Room at the Bottom", which is considered the birth of nanotechnology.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/There%27s_Plenty_of_Room_at_the_Bottom>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
bespectacled (adj):
Wearing spectacles (glasses)
<http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bespectacled>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Here is my first principle of foreign policy: good government at home.
--William Ewart Gladstone
<http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone>
100px|A Peace dollar, obverse side
The Peace dollar is a United States dollar coin minted from 1921 to
1928, and again in 1934 and 1935. Designed by Anthony de Francisci, the
coin resulted from a competition seeking designs emblematic of peace,
and its reverse depicts an eagle at rest clutching an olive branch,
with the legend "PEACE". It was the last United States silver dollar to
be struck for circulation. With the passage of the Pittman Act in 1918,
the United States Mint was required to strike millions of silver
dollars, and began doing so in 1921 using the Morgan dollar design.
Numismatists began urging the Mint to issue a coin evoking peace;
although they failed to get Congress to pass a bill requiring the
redesign, they were able to persuade government officials to take
action. The Peace dollar was approved in December 1921, completing the
redesign of United States coinage which had begun in 1907. The public
believed the announced design, which included a broken sword, was
illustrative of defeat, and the Mint hastily acted to remove the sword
from the design. The Peace dollar was first struck on December 28,
1921; just over a million were coined bearing a 1921 date. When the
Pittman Act requirements were met in 1928, the Mint ceased to strike
the dollars. (more...)
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_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
893:
An earthquake destroyed the city of Dvin, Armenia, causing about 30,000
casualties.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/893_Dvin_earthquake>
1907:
The last confirmed sighting of the extinct Huia took place in the
Tararua Ranges, North Island, New Zealand.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huia>
1912:
The San Francisco Municipal Railway, operator of the city's famed cable
car system , opened its first line.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_Municipal_Railway>
1989:
In one of Australia's most serious natural disasters, a 5.6Â ML
earthquake struck Newcastle, New South Wales, killing 13 people and
injuring more than 160 others, and causing an estimated AU$4 billion in
damages.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Newcastle_earthquake>
2008:
War in Somalia: Troops of Somalia's Transitional Federal Government
along with their Ethiopian allies captured Mogadishu unopposed.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_Mogadishu>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
spelunk (v):
To explore caves
<http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/spelunk>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The external world of physics has … become a world of shadows. In
removing our illusions we have removed the substance, for indeed we
have seen that substance is one of the greatest of our illusions. ...
The sparsely spread nuclei of electric force become a tangible solid;
their restless agitation becomes the warmth of summer; the octave of
aethereal vibrations becomes a gorgeous rainbow. Nor does the alchemy
stop here. In the transmuted world new significances arise which are
scarcely to be traced in the world of symbols; so that it becomes a
world of beauty and purpose — and, alas, suffering and evil.
The frank realisation that physical science is concerned with a world
of shadows is one of the most significant of recent advances.
--Arthur Stanley Eddington
<http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Arthur_Stanley_Eddington>
100px|Wexford Drive in Knowle West
Knowle West is a neighbourhood situated on a low plateau in the south
of Bristol, England, about 2 miles (3.2Â km) from the centre of the
city. Most of the area is coterminous with the Filwood ward of Bristol
City Council, although a small part of the estate lies within Knowle
ward to the east. The population as of 2008 was estimated as 11,787.
There is evidence of late Iron Age and Roman settlements in the area.
At the time of the Domesday Book, Knowle was a rural area assessed at a
taxable value of two geld units. Knowle West remained rural in
character until the 1930s when a council housing estate was developed
to provide homes for Bristolians displaced by slum clearance in the
centre of the city. Famous former residents include the musician
Tricky, the boxer Dixie Brown and late 1950s rock and roll band The
Eagles. Community activities include the Knowle West Media Centre, the
Residents' Planning Group and the Knowle West Health Association. There
are no major employers in Knowle West but there are many small local
enterprises and larger businesses on nearby trading estates. Just under
a third of the residents are classed as economically inactive and the
area is one of the most economically deprived in Bristol. Knowle West
has relatively high indices of crime and drug use, but community
efforts to combat this have had some success. (more...)
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_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1831:
Aboard HMS Beagle, Charles Darwin left Plymouth, England, on what
became a historic expedition to South America that made his name as a
naturalist.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_voyage_of_HMS_Beagle>
1911:
"Jana Gana Mana", the national anthem of India, was first sung in the
Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jana_Gana_Mana>
1927:
Show Boat, considered to be the first true American musical, opened at
the Ziegfeld Theatre on Broadway.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Show_Boat>
1997:
The republican Irish National Liberation Army assassinated loyalist
Billy Wright while in Maze Prison.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wright_%28loyalist%29>
2007:
Riots erupted in Mombasa, Kenya, after Mwai Kibaki was declared the
winner of the presidential election, triggering a political, economic,
and humanitarian crisis .
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_Kenyan_crisis>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
far point (n):
The most distant point at which the eye can focus (usually infinity,
but nearer for a myopic eye)
<http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/far_point>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
One does not ask of one who suffers: What is your country and what is
your religion? One merely says: You suffer, that is enough for me...
--Louis Pasteur
<http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Louis_Pasteur>