Planar transmission lines are flat, ribbon-shaped transmission lines
with conductors, or in some cases dielectric (insulating) strips. They
are used to interconnect components on printed circuits and integrated
circuits working at microwave frequencies, since the planar lines are
suited to the manufacturing methods for these components. Transmission
line theory is used when the line is longer than a large fraction of a
wavelength. At microwave frequencies, this distance is measured in
millimetres, which is small enough that these lines can be used for
constructing components as well as interconnecting them. The cross-
section of the line is usually kept constant so that its electrical
behaviour is highly predictable. The first planar transmission line,
stripline, was conceived during World War II by Robert M. Barrett;
other types in modern use include microstrip, suspended stripline, and
coplanar waveguide.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planar_transmission_line>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1783:
A potential uprising in Newburgh, New York, was defused when
George Washington asked Continental Army officers to support the
supremacy of Congress.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newburgh_Conspiracy>
1927:
In rowing, Oxford defeated Cambridge in the first Women's Boat
Race (2015 edition pictured) held in Oxford, England.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_Boat_Race>
1951:
The Iranian oil industry was nationalized in a movement led by
Mohammad Mosaddegh.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalization_of_the_Iranian_oil_industry>
2011:
Arab Spring: Protests erupted across Syria against the
authoritarian government, marking the start of the Syrian Civil War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_Civil_War>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
slugabed:
(archaic, now chiefly Canada, US) A lazy person who lies in bed after
the usual time for getting up; a sluggard.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/slugabed>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Fight for the things that you care about, but do it in a way that
will lead others to join you.
--Ruth Bader Ginsburg
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg>
The Packers sweep is an American football play popularized in the 1960s
by Green Bay Packers coach Vince Lombardi. It is a variation on the
sweep, in which a back takes a pitch or hand-off from the quarterback
and runs parallel to the line of scrimmage. This allows the offensive
linemen (usually the guards) and the fullback to block defenders before
the runner turns upfield. According to one estimate, the Packers sweep
gained an average of 8.3 yards (7.6 m) per attempt in its first three
seasons. Lombardi built his offensive game plan around running it, or
threatening to run it. His teams of the 1960s won five National Football
League Championships and the first two Super Bowls. Five offensive
players from these teams were later elected to the Pro Football Hall of
Fame, and Lombardi was elected shortly after his death in 1971.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packers_sweep>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1885:
The Mikado (poster pictured), Gilbert and Sullivan's most
frequently performed Savoy opera, debuted at the Savoy Theatre in
London.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mikado>
1945:
The Royal Air Force first used the Grand Slam, a 22,000 lb
(10,000 kg) earthquake bomb, on a strategic railway viaduct in
Bielefeld, Germany.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_%28bomb%29>
1969:
Edward M. Burke, the longest-serving alderman in the history of
the Chicago City Council, was sworn into office.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_M._Burke>
1984:
Gerry Adams, leader of Sinn Féin, was seriously wounded in an
assassination attempt by Ulster Freedom Fighters in central Belfast,
Northern Ireland.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerry_Adams>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
Einsteinian:
Of or relating to the German-born theoretical physicist Albert Einstein
or his scientific theories.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Einsteinian>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The genuine scientist is not moved by praise or blame, nor does
he preach. He unveils the universe and people come eagerly, without
being pushed, to behold a new revelation: the order, the harmony, the
magnificence of creation! And as man becomes conscious of the stupendous
laws that govern the universe in perfect harmony, he begins to realize
how small he is. He sees the pettiness of human existence, with its
ambitions and intrigues, its "I am better than thou" creed. This is the
beginning of cosmic religion within him; fellowship and human service
become his moral code. And without such moral foundations, we are
hopelessly doomed.
--Albert Einstein
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Albert_Einstein>
The Apollo 15 postal covers incident was a scandal involving the crew of
NASA's Apollo 15 lunar landing mission, who in 1971 carried about 400
unauthorized postal covers (example pictured) to the Moon's surface.
American astronauts David Scott, Alfred Worden and James Irwin agreed to
receive about $7,000 each for carrying the covers into space. These
covers were inside the lunar lander Falcon as Scott and Irwin walked on
the Moon, and were postmarked both prior to liftoff from Kennedy Space
Center and after splashdown. Though the astronauts returned the money,
they were reprimanded by NASA for poor judgment and were called before a
closed session of a Senate committee. They were removed as the backup
crew for Apollo 17 and never flew in space again; by 1977 all had left
NASA. In 1983, Worden sued for the return of those covers that had been
impounded in 1972, and the three men received them in an out-of-court
settlement. One of the covers that had been provided to West German
stamp dealer Hermann Sieger sold for over $50,000 in 2014.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_15_postal_covers_incident>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1781:
Astronomer and composer William Herschel discovered the planet
Uranus while in the garden of his house in Bath, England, thinking it
was a comet.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranus>
1920:
The Kapp Putsch briefly ousted the Weimar Republic government
from Berlin.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapp_Putsch>
1962:
Lyman Lemnitzer, the Chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of
Staff, presented to the Secretary of Defense a false flag conspiracy
plan, Operation Northwoods, intended to create public support for a war
against Fidel Castro and Cuba.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Northwoods>
1985:
One of England's worst incidents of football hooliganism
occurred when supporters of Luton Town and Millwall rioted before a
match at Kenilworth Road stadium.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1985_Kenilworth_Road_riot>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
ledger:
1. A book for keeping notes, especially one for keeping accounting
records; a record book, a register.
2. A large, flat stone, especially one laid over a tomb.
3. (accounting) A collection of accounting entries consisting of credits
and debits.
4. (construction) A board attached to a wall to provide support for
attaching other structural elements (such as deck joists or roof
rafters) to a building.
5. (fishing) Short for ledger bait (“fishing bait attached to a floating
line fastened to the bank of a pond, stream, etc.”) or ledger line
(“fishing line used with ledger bait for bottom fishing; ligger”).
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ledger>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
It may, perhaps, be true, though we cannot distinctly see it to
be so, that as all finite things require a cause, infinites admit of
none. It is evident, that nothing can begin to be without a cause; but
it by no means follows from thence, that that must have had a cause
which had no beginning. But whatever there may be in this conjecture, we
are constrained, in pursuing the train of causes and effects, to stop at
last at something uncaused.
--Joseph Priestley
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Joseph_Priestley>
State Route 522 (SR 522) is a state highway in the U.S. state of
Washington that serves the Seattle metropolitan area. Approximately 25
miles (40 km) long, it connects the city of Seattle to the northeastern
suburbs of Kenmore, Bothell, Woodinville, and Monroe. Its western half
is primarily an arterial street, named Lake City Way and Bothell Way,
that follows the northern shore of Lake Washington; the eastern half is
a grade-separated freeway that runs between Woodinville and Monroe.
SR 522 connects several of the metropolitan area's major highways,
including Interstate 5, Interstate 405, SR 9, and U.S. Route 2. The
present day route of SR 522 was built in stages between 1907 and 1965,
beginning with the Red Brick Road from Seattle to Bothell, then part of
the Pacific Highway and later U.S. Route 99. Since the late 1990s, the
SR 522 corridor between Woodinville and Monroe has been partially
converted to a freeway to address safety concerns and a growing
population.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_State_Route_522>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1913:
The future capital of Australia was officially named Canberra
during a ceremony officiated by Gertrude, Lady Denman, the wife of
Governor-General Lord Denman.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canberra>
1930:
Gandhi (pictured with Sarojini Naidu) began the Salt March, a
24-day walk to defy the British tax on salt in colonial India.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_March>
1971:
The Turkish Armed Forces executed a "coup by memorandum",
forcing the resignation of Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971_Turkish_military_memorandum>
2014:
A gas leak caused an explosion in the East Harlem neighborhood
of New York City, destroying two apartment buildings and causing eight
deaths.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_East_Harlem_gas_explosion>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
impostor syndrome:
(psychology) A psychological phenomenon in which a person is unable to
internalize his or her accomplishments, remaining convinced that he or
she does not deserve any accompanying success.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/impostor_syndrome>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Doth the reality of sensible things consist in being perceived?
or, is it something distinct from their being perceived, and that bears
no relation to the mind?
--George Berkeley
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/George_Berkeley>
The WAVES (Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service) served in the
United States Naval Reserve during World War II. In July 1942, the
Naval Reserve was authorized to accept women as commissioned officers
and at the enlisted level, effective until six months after the war,
which freed up many men for ship duty. Mildred H. McAfee (pictured), on
leave as president of Wellesley College, became the first director of
the WAVES. The notion of women serving in the Navy was not widely
supported in Congress or by the Navy, but it was supported by the Navy's
Women's Advisory Council, Margaret Chung, and Eleanor Roosevelt, the
First Lady of the United States. The WAVES were primarily white, but
eventually included 72 African-American women. Serving at 900 stations
in the United States and the territory of Hawaii, many of the women
experienced workplace hostility, but almost all of them looked upon
their service as beneficial.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAVES>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1864:
A crack in the Dale Dyke Dam in Sheffield, England, caused it
to fail, and the resulting flood killed 238 people and damaged more than
600 homes.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Sheffield_Flood>
1941:
World War II: The Lend-Lease Act was signed into law, allowing
the United States to supply the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, China,
France and other Allied nations with vast amounts of war materiel.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lend-Lease>
1999:
Infosys became the first Indian-registered company to have its
shares listed on NASDAQ.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infosys>
2009:
A teenage gunman engaged in a shooting spree at a secondary
school in Winnenden, Germany, killing 16, including himself.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnenden_school_shooting>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
jibe:
1. (transitive) To reproach with contemptuous words; to deride, to mock,
to taunt.
2. (transitive) To say in a mocking or taunting manner.
3. (intransitive) To make a mocking remark or remarks; to jeer. […]
4. (intransitive, Canada, US, informal) To accord or agree.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/jibe>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Science, by itself, provides no panacea for individual, social,
and economic ills. It can be effective in the national welfare only as a
member of a team, whether the conditions be peace or war. But without
scientific progress no amount of achievement in other directions can
insure our health, prosperity, and security as a nation in the modern
world.
--Vannevar Bush
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Vannevar_Bush>
The Australasian gannet (Morus serrator) is a large seabird of the booby
and gannet family, Sulidae. Adults are mostly white, with black flight
feathers at the wingtips and the trailing edge of the wing. The central
tail feathers are also black. The head is tinged with buff-yellow, with
a pale blue-grey bill edged in black, and blue-rimmed eyes. Young birds
have mottled plumage in their first year, dark above and light below,
gradually acquiring more white until they reach maturity after five
years. The species ranges over water above the continental shelf along
the southern and eastern Australian coastline, as well as the North and
South Islands of New Zealand, Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island.
Nesting takes place in colonies along the coastlines of New Zealand,
Victoria and Tasmania. The birds plunge into the ocean at high speed,
catching mainly squid and forage fish. The species faces few natural or
man-made threats.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australasian_gannet>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1949:
Mildred Gillars, nicknamed "Axis Sally", was convicted of
treason for working with the Nazis as a broadcaster.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mildred_Gillars>
1967:
British progressive rock band Pink Floyd released their first
single, "Arnold Layne".
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floyd>
1975:
Ho Chi Minh Campaign: North Vietnam began its final push for
victory over South Vietnam with an attack on Ban Me Thuot.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ban_Me_Thuot>
2006:
NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter attained orbit around Mars
(artist's impression shown).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
audiation:
(music) The comprehension and internal realization of music by an
individual in the absence of any physical sound.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/audiation>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Wit is the appearance, the external flash of imagination. Thus
its divinity, and the witty character of mysticism.
--Friedrich Schlegel
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Friedrich_Schlegel>
AirTrain JFK is an 8.1-mile-long (13 km) elevated people mover system
and rail link serving John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York
City. Its three lines and ten stations, operated by the Canadian firm
Bombardier Transportation, connect the airport's six terminals with the
New York City Subway in Howard Beach, Queens, and with the Long Island
Rail Road and subway in Jamaica, Queens. In-depth planning for a
dedicated transport system at JFK began in 1990, and construction
commenced in 1998. The system opened in December 2003 after multiple
delays. Since then, several improvements have been proposed for AirTrain
JFK, including an extension to Manhattan. The system was originally
projected to carry 4 million annual paying passengers and 8.4 million
annual inter-terminal passengers, but the AirTrain has consistently
exceeded these projections; in 2017, it had approximately 7.66 million
paying passengers and 12.6 million inter-terminal passengers.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AirTrain_JFK>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1862:
American Civil War: In the world's first battle between two
ironclad warships, USS Monitor and CSS Virginia fought to a draw near
the mouth of Hampton Roads in Virginia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Hampton_Roads>
1932:
Éamon de Valera, one of the dominant political figures in
20th-century Ireland, became President of the Executive Council of the
Irish Free State.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89amon_de_Valera>
1944:
World War II: As part of the Battle of Narva, the Soviet Air
Forces heavily bombed Tallinn, Estonia, killing up to 800 people, mostly
civilians.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Tallinn_in_World_War_II>
2010:
The first legal U.S. same-sex marriages south of the
Mason–Dixon line took place in Washington, D.C.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_the_District_of_Columbia>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
ply:
1. (transitive, obsolete) To bend; to fold; to mould; (figuratively) to
adapt, to modify; to change (a person's) mind, to cause (a person) to
submit.
2. (intransitive) To bend, to flex; to be bent by something, to give way
or yield (to a force, etc.). […]
3. (transitive) To work at (something) diligently.
4. (transitive) To wield or use (a tool, a weapon, etc.) steadily or
vigorously.
5. (transitive) To press upon; to urge persistently.
6. (transitive) To persist in offering something to, especially for the
purpose of inducement or persuasion.
7. (transitive, transport) To travel over (a route) regularly.
8. (intransitive, obsolete) To work diligently.
9. (intransitive, nautical, obsolete) To manoeuvre a sailing vessel so
that the direction of the wind changes from one side of the vessel to
the other; to work to windward, to beat, to tack.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ply>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
I have nothing to prove to you.
--Captain Marvel
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Captain_Marvel_%28film%29>
Brie Larson (born 1989) is an American actress and filmmaker who has
received many awards and nominations. At age six, she became the
youngest student admitted to a training program at the American
Conservatory Theater. She began her acting career in 1998 with a comedy
sketch in The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. Larson played supporting roles
in the comedy films Hoot (2006), Scott Pilgrim vs. the World (2010), and
21 Jump Street (2012), and appeared as a sardonic teenager in the
television series United States of Tara (2009–2011). After her
breakthrough with a leading role in Short Term 12 (2013), she continued
to take on supporting parts in The Spectacular Now (2013) and Trainwreck
(2015). For playing a kidnapping victim in the drama Room (2015), Larson
won the Academy Award for Best Actress. After playing a photojournalist
in the adventure film Kong: Skull Island (2017), she starred as the
titular superhero in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Captain Marvel
(2019).
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brie_Larson>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1702:
Anne became the Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland,
succeeding William III.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain>
1919:
During the Egyptian Revolution of 1919, British authorities
arrested rebel leader Saad Zaghloul, exiling him to Malta.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_Revolution_of_1919>
1983:
Cold War: During a speech to the National Association of
Evangelicals in Orlando, Florida, U.S. President Ronald Reagan described
the Soviet Union as an "evil empire".
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evil_Empire_speech>
2017:
The Azure Window, a limestone natural arch in Gozo, Malta,
collapsed during a storm.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azure_Window>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
muliebrity:
1. (literary) The state or quality of being a woman; the features of a
woman's nature; femininity, womanhood.
2. (literary) The state of attainment of womanhood following maidenhood.
3. (physiology) The state of puberty in a female.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/muliebrity>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
In a world populated by people who believe that through more and
more information, paradise is attainable, the computer scientist is
king. But I maintain that all of this is a monumental and dangerous
waste of human talent and energy. Imagine what might be accomplished if
this talent and energy were turned to philosophy, to theology, to the
arts, to imaginative literature or to education? Who knows what we could
learn from such people — perhaps why there are wars, and hunger, and
homelessness and mental illness and anger.
--Neil Postman
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Neil_Postman>
Maurice Ravel (7 March 1875 – 28 December 1937) was a French composer,
pianist and conductor. He is often associated with impressionism along
with his elder contemporary Claude Debussy, but both composers rejected
the term. After studying at France's premier music college, the Paris
Conservatoire, he developed a style that incorporated elements of
baroque, neoclassicism and, in his later works, jazz. Some of his piano
music, such as Gaspard de la nuit (1908), requires advanced virtuoso
technique. His complex orchestral work Daphnis et Chloé (1912) was
commissioned by the impresario Sergei Diaghilev for the Ballets Russes.
In 1922 Ravel made an orchestral arrangement of Mussorgsky's Pictures at
an Exhibition. He liked to experiment with musical form, as in Boléro
(1928), his best-known work. A slow and painstaking worker, Ravel wrote
fewer pieces than many of his contemporaries. He was among the first
composers to use recordings to reach a wider public.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Ravel>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1871:
José Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco, became Prime Minister
of the Empire of Brazil, starting a four-year rule, the longest in the
state's history.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Paranhos,_Viscount_of_Rio_Branco>
1941:
The German submarine U-47, one of the most successful U-boats
of World War II, disappeared and was lost with all hands.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_submarine_U-47_%281938%29>
1985:
The charity single "We Are the World" by the supergroup United
Support of Artists for Africa was released, and went on to sell more
than 20 million copies.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/We_Are_the_World>
2009:
Two off-duty soldiers of the British Army's 38 Engineer
Regiment were shot dead by the Real IRA in Antrim town, Northern
Ireland.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Massereene_Barracks_shooting>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
nervous:
1. Easily agitated or alarmed; edgy, on edge.
2. Apprehensive, anxious, hesitant, worried.
3. Relating to or affecting the nerves.
4. (archaic) Having nerves; nervose.
5. (obsolete) Showing nervous strength; sinewy, vigorous.
6. (obsolete) Of a piece of writing: forceful, powerful.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nervous>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Self-respect is the cornerstone of all virtue.
--John Herschel
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/John_Herschel>
Al-Mu'tasim (796–842) was the eighth Abbasid caliph. A younger son of
Caliph Harun al-Rashid, he rose to prominence as a key lieutenant of his
brother Caliph al-Ma'mun after forming a private army composed
predominantly of Turkish slave-soldiers. When al-Ma'mun died on campaign
in August 833, al-Mu'tasim succeeded him and continued many of his
policies, including support for Mu'tazilism. The traditional Arab and
Iranian elites were weakened in favour of a new elite drawn from among
the Turks, while the government was centralized around the caliphal
court and a new capital founded to house it at Samarra. Al-Mu'tasim also
achieved lasting fame as a warrior-caliph by sacking the Byzantine city
of Amorium in 838. The rise of the Turks would eventually lead to
factional strife and the collapse of Abbasid power in the mid-10th
century, but the slave-soldier system inaugurated by al-Mu'tasim would
be widely adopted throughout the Muslim world for centuries to come.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mu%27tasim>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1853:
Giuseppe Verdi's La traviata premiered at Venice's La Fenice,
but the performance was considered so bad that it caused the Italian
composer to revise portions of the opera.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_traviata>
1913:
First Balkan War: The Greek army captured Bizani Fortress, near
Ioannina, from the Ottomans.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bizani>
1945:
Petru Groza of the Ploughmen's Front became the first Prime
Minister of the Communist Party-dominated governments of Romania.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petru_Groza>
1964:
In a radio broadcast, Nation of Islam leader Elijah Muhammad
announced that American boxer Cassius Clay would change his name to
Muhammad Ali.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali>
1987:
The ferry Herald of Free Enterprise capsized while leaving the
harbour of Zeebrugge, Belgium, killing 193 people on board.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS_Herald_of_Free_Enterprise>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
periodic table:
(chemistry) A tabular chart of the chemical elements according to their
atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties are in the same
group (column).
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/periodic_table>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
All is in the hands of Man. Therefore you should wash them often.
--Stanisław Jerzy Lec
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Jerzy_Lec>