The Perijá tapaculo (Scytalopus perijanus) is a species of passerine
bird in the tapaculo family. Endemic to the Serranía del Perijá
mountain range on the Colombia–Venezuela border, it is found at
altitudes of 1,600–3,225 metres (5,200–10,600 feet). It measures 10
to 12 centimetres (3.9 to 4.7 inches), and its tail is 40 mm (1.6 in)
long. Specimens occurred in museums, but this species was only described
in 2015 based on sixteen birds found between 2008 and 2009. It is
considered vulnerable. Adults have grey heads, brown necks, brown-sepia-
striped backs, and grey-white bellies, breasts, and throats. Males have
some buff markings on their breasts, and less defined brown nape spots
than females. This tapaculo is secretive and therefore difficult to
observe, so its ecology is poorly known. It feeds on insects and
reproduces between April and July. Its range is partially within
Chamicero de Perijá Bird Reserve in Colombia and the Sierra de Perijá
National Park in Venezuela.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perij%C3%A1_tapaculo>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1941:
Second World War: Llandaff Cathedral in Cardiff, Wales, was
severely damaged by German bombing during the Cardiff Blitz.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llandaff_Cathedral>
1991:
Sharon Pratt Dixon was sworn in as the mayor of Washington,
D.C., becoming the first African-American woman in that role.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharon_Pratt>
2016:
Nimr al-Nimr, a prominent Shia cleric in Saudi Arabia, was
executed by the Saudi government along with 46 others.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Execution_of_Nimr_al-Nimr>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
tumultuous:
1. Characterized by loud, confused noise.
2. Causing or characterized by tumult; chaotic, disorderly, turbulent.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tumultuous>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
In memory yet green, in joy still felt, The scenes of life rise
sharply into view. We triumph; Life’s disasters are undealt, And
while all else is old, the world is new.
--Isaac Asimov
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Isaac_Asimov>
The Armed Forces Special Weapons Project (AFSWP) was a United States
military agency responsible for those aspects of nuclear weapons that
remained under military control after the Manhattan Project was
succeeded by the Atomic Energy Commission on 1 January 1947. These
included the maintenance, storage, security and handling of nuclear
weapons, and support for nuclear weapons testing. Early nuclear weapons
were complex and cumbersome, and stored as components rather than
complete devices due to the short shelf life of their lead-acid
batteries and modulated neutron initiators, and the heat generated by
the fissile cores. As nuclear weapons development proceeded, mass-
produced models became available that were easier to store, handle,
maintain and assemble, and the AFSWP became more involved in stockpile
management, and providing administrative, technical and logistical
support. In 1959, the AFSWP became the Defense Atomic Support Agency
(DASA), a field agency of the Department of Defense.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_Special_Weapons_Project>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1818:
Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, a novel by the British
author Mary Shelley, was first published anonymously in London.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankenstein>
1892:
The immigration station on Ellis Island in New York Harbor
opened, processing almost 12 million immigrants to the United States
over the course of its existence.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellis_Island>
1957:
The revised Thai criminal code came into force, strengthening
the law on lèse-majesté in Thailand to include insult, and treating it
as a crime against national security.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A8se-majest%C3%A9_in_Thailand>
2011:
A suicide bombing took place outside a Coptic Orthodox church
in Alexandria, Egypt, following a New Year service, killing 23 people.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Alexandria_bombing>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
calends:
1. Often with initial capital: the first day of a month, particularly
(Ancient Rome, historical) the first day of a month of the Roman
calendar.
2. (by extension) A day for settling debts and other accounts.
3. (by extension, biblical, Judaism, obsolete) Synonym of Rosh Hodesh
(“the Jewish festival of the new moon, which begins the months of the
Hebrew calendar”)
4. (rare) Synonym of calendar; (figurative) an account, a record.
5. (figurative, obsolete) The first day of something; a beginning.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/calends>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
I pray you to forgive Both bad and good. Last season's fruit is
eaten And the fullfed beast shall kick the empty pail. For last year's
words belong to last year's language And next year's words await
another voice.
--T. S. Eliot
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/T._S._Eliot>
George Gosse (16 February 1912 – 31 December 1964) was an
Australian recipient of the George Cross, the highest non-combat award
for heroism or courage that could be awarded to a member of the
Australian armed forces at the time. Gosse served in the Royal
Australian Navy between 1926 and 1933, and in 1940 joined the Royal
Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve. He served in the UK before being
sent to British India as a naval mine clearance specialist. Returning to
the UK in late 1944, in April 1945 he was given command of a party
responsible for mine clearance in the recently captured Bremen Harbour
in Germany. He displayed courage in defusing three mines under very
difficult conditions between 8 May and 19 May 1945, for which he was
awarded the George Cross. After the war Gosse reached the rank of
lieutenant commander, retiring in 1958. He died of a heart condition in
1964. His medal set is displayed in the Hall of Valour at the Australian
War Memorial.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Gosse>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1857:
Queen Victoria announced the choice of Ottawa, then a small
logging town, as the capital of the British colony of Canada.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottawa>
1909:
The Manhattan Bridge, connecting Lower Manhattan to Downtown
Brooklyn and considered to be the forerunner of modern suspension
bridges, opened to traffic.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhattan_Bridge>
1965:
Military officers led by Jean-Bédel Bokassa began a coup
d'état against the government of Central African Republic president
David Dacko.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Sylvestre_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat>
1999:
Russian prime minister Vladimir Putin became acting president
upon President Boris Yeltsin's unexpected resignation.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Putin>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
auld lang syne:
(idiomatic) Days gone by; former times.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/auld_lang_syne>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
I believe our students must first seek to understand the
conditions, as far as possible without national prejudices, which have
led to past tragedies and should strive to determine the great
fundamentals which must govern a peaceful progression toward a
constantly higher level of civilization. There are innumerable
instructive lessons out of the past, but all too frequently their
presentation is highly colored or distorted in the effort to present a
favorable national point of view. In our school histories at home,
certainly in years past, those written in the North present a strikingly
different picture of our Civil War from those written in the South. In
some portions it is hard to realize they are dealing with the same war.
Such reactions are all too common in matters of peace and security. But
we are told that we live in a highly scientific age. Now the progress of
science depends on facts and not fancies or prejudice. Maybe in this age
we can find a way of facing the facts and discounting the distorted
records of the past.
--George Marshall
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/George_Marshall>
The immune system is a network of biological processes that protects an
organism against disease. It detects and responds to a wide variety of
pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, as well as cancer cells and
objects such as wood splinters, distinguishing them from the organism's
own healthy tissue. Many species have two major subsystems of the immune
system. The innate immune system provides a preconfigured response to
broad groups of situations and stimuli. The adaptive immune system
provides a tailored response to each stimulus by learning to recognize
molecules it has previously encountered. Both use molecules and cells to
perform their functions. Humans have sophisticated defense mechanisms,
including the ability to adapt to recognize pathogens more efficiently.
Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates an immunological memory leading
to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same
pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_system>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1460:
Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Wakefield, Lancastrian
forces destroyed the Yorkist army and killed Richard of York at Sandal
Magna in West Yorkshire, England.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Wakefield>
1906:
The All-India Muslim League, a political party in British India
that developed into the driving force behind the creation of Pakistan as
a Muslim state on the Indian subcontinent, was founded in Dhaka.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-India_Muslim_League>
1940:
The Arroyo Seco Parkway, one of the first freeways built in the
U.S., connecting downtown Los Angeles with Pasadena, California, was
officially dedicated.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arroyo_Seco_Parkway>
2000:
A series of bombings occurred around Metro Manila in the
Philippines, killing 22 people and injuring around 100 others.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rizal_Day_bombings>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
hyperthymesia:
(neuroscience) A rare condition in which an individual possesses a
superior autobiographical memory and is able to recall the vast majority
of personal events and experiences in life.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hyperthymesia>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Ye know who use the Crystal Ball (To peer by stealth on
Doom), The Shade that, shaping first of all, Prepares an
empty room. Then doth It pass Like breath from
glass, But, on the extorted vision bowed intent, No man
considers why It came or went.
--Rudyard Kipling
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling>
Knap Hill lies on the northern rim of the Vale of Pewsey, in northern
Wiltshire, England, about a mile (1.6 km) north of the village of Alton
Priors. At the top of the hill is a causewayed enclosure, a form of
Neolithic earthwork that appeared in England from about 3700 BC
onwards. These earthworks are characterised by the enclosure of an area
with ditches that are interrupted by gaps, or causeways. It is not known
what they were used for; they may have been settlements, or meeting
places, or ritual sites of some kind. Knap Hill was the first causewayed
enclosure to be excavated and identified. In 1908 and 1909 Benjamin and
Maud Cunnington spent two summers investigating the site, and Maud
Cunnington published two reports of their work, noting that there were
several gaps in the ditch and bank surrounding the enclosure. The site
has been scheduled as an ancient monument. About a thousand causewayed
enclosures have now been found in Europe, including around seventy in
Britain.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knap_Hill>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1845:
The Republic of Texas was annexed by the United States,
becoming the 28th state to be admitted to the Union.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_annexation>
1940:
Second World War: The Luftwaffe began a major night bombing
raid on the British capital as part of the Blitz, beginning what was
later called the "Second Great Fire of London".
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Great_Fire_of_London>
1975:
A bomb planted by unknown perpetrators exploded at LaGuardia
Airport in New York City, killing 11 people and seriously injuring 74
others.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1975_LaGuardia_Airport_bombing>
1996:
Peace accords were signed under the leadership of President
Álvaro Arzú and guerilla leader Rolando Morán, ending the 36-year-
long Guatemalan Civil War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guatemalan_Civil_War>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
succour:
1. (transitive) To give aid, assistance, or help.
2. (transitive, military) To provide aid or assistance in the form of
military equipment and soldiers; in particular, for helping a place
under siege.
3. (transitive, obsolete except dialectal) To protect, to shelter; to
provide a refuge.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/succour>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The disease of an evil conscience is beyond the practice of all
the physicians of all the countries in the world.
--William Ewart Gladstone
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone>
Louie Nunn (1924–2004) was the 52nd governor of Kentucky
(1967–1971), the only Republican elected to that office between 1947
and 2003. The first Republican county judge in the history of Barren
County, Kentucky, he ran for governor in 1963, but lost a close race to
his Democratic opponent Ned Breathitt. In 1967, Nunn again ran for
governor. After defeating Marlow Cook in the Republican gubernatorial
primary, he eked out a victory over Democrat Henry Ward. Despite a
Democratic majority in the General Assembly, Nunn was able to enact most
of his priorities, including tax increases that funded improvements to
the state park system and the construction of a statewide network of
mental health centers. His administration was marred by race riots in
Louisville and a violent protest against the Vietnam War at the
University of Kentucky. Following his term as governor, he lost to
Walter "Dee" Huddleston in the 1972 senatorial election, and to John Y.
Brown Jr. for governor in 1979.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louie_Nunn>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1065:
Westminster Abbey, built by Edward the Confessor as the first
Romanesque church in England, was first consecrated.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminster_Abbey>
1612:
Galileo Galilei became the first person to observe the planet
Neptune, despite mistakenly cataloguing it as a fixed star.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune>
1908:
An earthquake registering 7.1 Mw struck near Messina, which,
along with the subsequent tsunami, killed at least 75,000 people in
southern Italy.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1908_Messina_earthquake>
1967:
American businesswoman Muriel Siebert became the first woman to
own a seat on the New York Stock Exchange.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Siebert>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
forthcoming:
1. (not comparable) Approaching or about to take place.
2. Available when needed; in place, ready.
3. Willing to co-operate or provide information; candid, frank,
responsive.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/forthcoming>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Attention, please note! Attention, please note! The expansion
committee announces that after the hundred and eightieth all twittering
is to be treated as a sign of hopelessness!
--Lanark: A Life in Four Books
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Lanark:_A_Life_in_Four_Books>
The logistical support of INTERFET (International Force East Timor), a
multinational peacekeeping mission in 1999 and 2000, involved
11,693 personnel from 23 countries. Led by Australia, it was the
largest deployment of Australian forces overseas since the Vietnam War.
INTERFET deployed to East Timor in September 1999. A base was
established in Darwin, with supplies, equipment, stores and personnel
stockpiled or staged there. East Timor possessed only one deepwater
port, Dili, with a limited quayside depth, and only three airfields
(heliport pictured). Troops were initially landed with a minimum of
vehicles and supplies. Effective logistical support enabled INTERFET to
carry out its mission without severe limitations, although there were
some shortages. Over 90 per cent of the cargo and most of the
passengers travelled by sea. Eleven nations contributed transport
aircraft, which flew 3,400 sorties, carried 9,500 tonnes of cargo and
transported more than 30,000 passengers.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INTERFET_logistics>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1657:
Citizens of New Netherland presented the Flushing Remonstrance
to Peter Stuyvesant, the director general, requesting an exemption to
his ban on Quaker worship.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flushing_Remonstrance>
1831:
HMS Beagle departed Plymouth, England, on a voyage to South
America that would make a name for Charles Darwin as a naturalist.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_voyage_of_HMS_Beagle>
1922:
The Imperial Japanese Navy commissioned Hōshō, the world's
first purpose-built aircraft carrier.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_H%C5%8Dsh%C5%8D>
1985:
The body of murdered American primatologist Dian Fossey was
discovered inside her cabin in Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dian_Fossey>
2007:
Former prime minister Benazir Bhutto was assassinated while
leaving a Pakistan Peoples Party political rally at Liaqat National Bagh
in Rawalpindi.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Benazir_Bhutto>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
golden touch:
(idiomatic) Synonym of Midas touch (“the ability to achieve financial
reward (or, more generally, success) easily and consistently”)
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/golden_touch>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Owing to this struggle for life, any variation, however slight
and from whatever cause proceeding, if it be in any degree profitable to
an individual of any species, in its infinitely complex relations to
other organic beings and to external nature, will tend to the
preservation of that individual, and will generally be inherited by its
offspring. The offspring, also, will thus have a better chance of
surviving, for, of the many individuals of any species which are
periodically born, but a small number can survive. I have called this
principle, by which each slight variation, if useful, is preserved, by
the term of Natural Selection, in order to mark its relation to man's
power of selection.
--Charles Darwin
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles_Darwin>
The 2017 EFL Trophy Final was an association football match that was
played on 2 April 2017 at Wembley Stadium, London, between League One
teams Coventry City and Oxford United. The match decided the winner of
the 2016–17 EFL Trophy, a 64-team knockout tournament comprising clubs
from League One and League Two of the English Football League (EFL), as
well as 16 Category One academy sides representing Premier League and
Championship clubs. It was Coventry's first appearance in the final and
the second for Oxford, who had been beaten by Barnsley in the previous
season's match. The game was played in front of a crowd of 74,434, the
highest attendance for the final since the opening of the new Wembley
Stadium. Coventry won 2–1 to earn their first major trophy since their
victory in the 1987 FA Cup Final. The win was a highlight for Coventry's
supporters in what was otherwise a disappointing season, as they were
relegated to League Two.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_EFL_Trophy_Final>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1825:
Imperial Russian Army officers led about 3,000 soldiers in
protest against Nicholas I's assumption of the throne after his elder
brother Konstantin removed himself from the line of succession.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decembrist_revolt>
1862:
American Civil War: The Battle of Chickasaw Bayou began with
Confederate defenders engaging Union forces attempting to capture the
city of Vicksburg, Mississippi.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Chickasaw_Bayou>
1898:
At the French Academy of Sciences, physicists Pierre and Marie
Curie announced the discovery of a new element, naming it radium.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radium>
1900:
A relief crew arrived at the Flannan Isles Lighthouse in
Scotland and discovered that the previous crew had disappeared.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flannan_Isles_Lighthouse>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
take the gilt off the gingerbread:
(idiomatic) To take away the most attractive or appealing qualities of
something; to destroy an illusion.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/take_the_gilt_off_the_gingerbread>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Every man is working out his destiny in his own way and nobody
can be of any help except by being kind, generous, and patient.
--Henry Miller
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Henry_Miller>
Anbe Sivam (Love is God) is a 2003 Indian Tamil-language comedy-drama
film directed by Sundar C. and produced by K. Muralitharan,
V. Swaminathan and G. Venugopal of Lakshmi Movie Makers. The film was
written by Kamal Haasan (pictured), with dialogues provided by Madhan.
Featuring Haasan, Madhavan and Kiran Rathod in the lead roles, the film
tells the story of an unexpected journey from Bhubaneswar to Chennai.
The musical score was composed by Vidyasagar. Arthur A. Wilson and
M. Prabhaharan undertook responsibility for the film's cinematography
and art direction, respectively. Produced on a budget of
₹120 million, Anbe Sivam's themes include communism, atheism,
altruism and humanism. The film garnered positive reviews from critics,
but underperformed at the box office. It is now regarded as a classic
and a cult film in Tamil cinema. At the 51st Filmfare Awards South, it
received a Special Jury Award. Madhavan was awarded Best Actor at the
2003 Tamil Nadu State Film Awards.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anbe_Sivam>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1100:
Baldwin I was crowned the first king of Jerusalem (depicted)
in the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldwin_I_of_Jerusalem>
1950:
Four Scottish university students removed the Stone of Scone,
used in the coronations of Scottish and British monarchs, from
Westminster Abbey in London.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_removal_of_the_Stone_of_Scone>
1990:
British computer programmer Tim Berners-Lee introduced
WorldWideWeb, the world's first web browser and WYSIWYG HTML editor.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WorldWideWeb>
2000:
Russian president Vladimir Putin signed into law a bill
officially adopting a new national anthem, with music by Alexander
Vasilyevich Alexandrov originally composed for the anthem of the Soviet
Union.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_anthem_of_Russia>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
Kris Kringle:
1. Synonym of Christkind (“a personification of the baby Jesus who, in
German-speaking parts of Europe, takes the place of Santa Claus in
bringing gifts to people at Christmastime”)
2. Synonym of Santa Claus
3. Synonym of secret Santa (“a Christmas tradition where a group of
people give anonymous gifts to each other, with each person randomly
selected to give a gift to one other person; a person who anonymously
gives a present to another in such a gift exchange”)
4. A gift given in a Kris Kringle or secret Santa gift exchange.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Kris_Kringle>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The advent of every baby completely upsets his little world, both
physically and spiritually. And it is not one of the smallest values of
the fact that the Saviour of the world came into it as a baby, that it
reminds men that every baby is born a savior, to some extent, from
selfishness and greed and sin in the little circle which his advent
blesses.
--Halford E. Luccock
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Halford_E._Luccock>
Cefnllys Castle was a medieval spur castle sited on a ridge –
possibly an earlier Iron Age hillfort – above the River Ithon in
Radnorshire, Wales. The first masonry castle at the site was constructed
around 1242 to control several routes through the Welsh Marches.
Cefnllys became a source of friction between Llywelyn ap Gruffudd and
Roger Mortimer in the prelude to Edward I's conquest of Wales. The
castle was captured and razed in 1262 by Llywelyn, during a war with
Henry III of England, and Cefnllys featured prominently in the ensuing
peace treaty. The construction of a new castle was a contributing factor
to Llywelyn's refusal to swear fealty to Edward I in 1275, leading to
war in 1276. The castle may have been sacked during the revolts of Madog
ap Llywelyn (1294–1295) and Owain Glyndŵr (1400–1415), but it
remained occupied until at least the mid-15th century. Both castles are
now entirely ruinous and only traces remain.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefnllys_Castle>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1826:
More than a third of U.S. Military Academy cadets in West
Point, New York, rioted after consuming eggnog with whiskey during a
Christmas party.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eggnog_Riot>
1846:
The Sultanate of Brunei ceded the island of Labuan to the
British Empire as a crown colony.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Labuan>
1964:
The Viet Cong bombed the Brinks Hotel in Saigon, killing two
U.S. Army officers and raising fears of an escalation of the Vietnam
War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1964_Brinks_Hotel_bombing>
1999:
Jihadists linked to al-Qaeda hijacked Indian Airlines
Flight 814 to force the release of Islamist figures held in prison in
India.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Airlines_Flight_814>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
party spirit:
1. A feeling or sense of celebration or enjoyment.
2. (politics) The feeling of common purpose and togetherness experienced
or shown by members or supporters of a group, especially a political
party, sometimes accompanied by unreasonable animosity towards members
or supporters of other groups.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/party_spirit>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
What actions are the most excellent? Those, certainly, which most
powerfully appeal to the great primary human affections: to those
elementary feelings which subsist permanently in the race, and which are
independent of time. These feelings are permanent and the same; that
which interests them is permanent and the same also.
--Matthew Arnold
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Matthew_Arnold>