The ring ouzel (Turdus torquatus) is a medium-sized thrush, breeding
mainly in Europe. Males are mostly black with a white crescent across
the breast, females are browner and duller than males, and young birds
may lack chest markings. A high-altitude bird, it breeds in open
mountain areas with some trees or shrubs, often including heather or
juniper. It is migratory, wintering in southern Europe, northern Africa
and Turkey, often in mountains with juniper. A typical clutch of three
to six brown-flecked pale blue or greenish eggs is incubated by the
female and hatches after 13 days. The downy chicks fledge in another 14
days. The thrush is omnivorous, eating invertebrates, particularly
insects and earthworms, some small vertebrates, and a wide range of
fruit. Most animal prey is caught on the ground. With an extensive range
and a large population, the ring ouzel is evaluated as a least-concern
species by the IUCN. There are declines in several countries, perhaps
due to climate change or human disturbance.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_ouzel>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1888:
One of the first music recordings ever made, of Arthur
Sullivan's "The Lost Chord" (audio featured), was played at a press
conference introducing Thomas Edison's phonograph in London.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lost_Chord>
1941:
After a secret meeting in Newfoundland, British prime minister
Winston Churchill and U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt issued the
Atlantic Charter, establishing a vision for a post–World War II
world.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Charter>
1971:
The English rock band the Who released Who's Next, the group's
only album to top the UK charts.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who%27s_Next>
2013:
Egyptian security forces raided two camps of ousted president
Mohamed Morsi's supporters in Cairo, leading to at least 595 deaths and
forcing the government to declare a state of emergency.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_2013_Rabaa_massacre>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
en masse:
In a single body or group; as one, together.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/en_masse>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
God save the pennon, ragged to the dawn, That signs to moon to
stand, and sun to fly; And flutters when the weak is overborne To stem
the tide of fate and certainty. That knows not reason, and that seeks
no fame — So! Undismayed beneath the serried clouds, Raise up the
banner of forlorn defence — A jest to the complacency of crowds —
Bright-haloed with the one diviner sense: To hold itself as nothing to
itself; And in the quest of its imagined star To lose all thought of
after-recompense!
--John Galsworthy
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/John_Galsworthy>
The Battle of Blenheim was fought on 13 August 1704 during the War of
the Spanish Succession. The French were seeking to knock Austria out of
the war by seizing its capital, Vienna. An army of the reconstituted
Grand Alliance, led by the Duke of Marlborough, marched south from the
Dutch Republic to the Danube. There he defeated the Bavarians at the
Battle of Donauwörth and joined an Austrian army under Prince Eugene. A
French army under Marshall Tallard bolstered the Elector of Bavaria's
forces. The opposing armies met on the banks of the Danube near the
village of Blindheim. Marlborough unexpectedly attacked the slightly
larger Franco-Bavarian army and after a hard day's fighting inflicted a
crushing defeat. France suffered around 30,000 casualties, Tallard was
taken prisoner and Bavaria was knocked out of the war. Before the
campaign ended, the Allies had taken several important towns and were
preparing to invade France in 1705.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Blenheim>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1762:
Anglo-Spanish War: The United Kingdom captured Havana after a
five-week siege, holding it until the Treaty of Paris the following
year.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Havana>
1918:
Opha May Johnson became the first woman to enlist in the United
States Marine Corps.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opha_May_Johnson>
1961:
Construction began on the Berlin Wall, a long barrier
separating West Berlin from East Berlin and the surrounding territory of
East Germany.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbed_Wire_Sunday>
2010:
After having been boarded by Canadian authorities, the MV Sun
Sea docked in British Columbia and the 492 Sri Lankan Tamil refugee
claimants on board were placed into detention.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MV_Sun_Sea_incident>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
meteorwrong:
(humorous) A rock that is believed to be a meteorite, but is in fact
terrestrial in origin; a pseudometeorite.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/meteorwrong>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The past speaks to us in a thousand voices, warning and
comforting, animating and stirring to action. What its great thinkers
have thought and written on the deepest problems of life, shall we not
hear and enjoy? The future calls upon us to prepare its way. Dare we
fail to answer its solemn summons?
--Felix Adler
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Felix_Adler>
Star Trek Generations is a 1994 American science fiction film, the
seventh in the Star Trek film series. Malcolm McDowell (pictured) joined
cast members from the 1960s television show Star Trek and the 1987 spin-
off The Next Generation, including William Shatner and Patrick Stewart.
In the film, Captain Jean-Luc Picard of the USS Enterprise-D joins with
Captain James T. Kirk to stop the villain Tolian Soran from destroying a
planetary system. David Carson directed with photography by franchise
newcomer John A. Alonzo. The distributor, Paramount, marketed the film
with merchandising tie-ins, including toys, books, games, and the first
website to ever promote a major motion picture. The film opened at the
top of the United States box office its first week of release and
grossed a total of $118 million worldwide. Critical reception was
lukewarm, with critics divided on the film's characters and
comprehensibility to a casual viewer.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Trek_Generations>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1883:
The last known quagga (example pictured), a subspecies of the
plains zebra, died at the Natura Artis Magistra zoo in Amsterdam.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quagga>
1944:
World War II: In Sant'Anna di Stazzema, Italy, the Waffen-SS
and the Brigate Nere murdered about 560 local villagers and refugees and
burned their bodies.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sant%27Anna_di_Stazzema_massacre>
1985:
Japan Airlines Flight 123 crashed into the ridge of Mount
Takamagahara in Gunma Prefecture, killing 520 of 524 people on board in
the world's worst single-aircraft aviation disaster.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan_Airlines_Flight_123>
1990:
Near Faith, South Dakota, American paleontologist Sue
Hendrickson found one of the most complete discovered Tyrannosaurus rex
skeletons, nicknamed Sue.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sue_%28dinosaur%29>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
sericulture:
(agriculture) The rearing of silkworms for the production of silk.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sericulture>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
I am born into an environment — I know not whence I came nor
whither I go nor who I am. This is my situation as yours, every single
one of you. The fact that everyone always was in this same situation,
and always will be, tells me nothing. Our burning question as to the
whence and whither — all we can ourselves observe about it is the
present environment. That is why we are eager to find out about it as
much as we can. That is science, learning, knowledge; it is the true
source of every spiritual endeavour of man.
--Erwin Schrödinger
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger>
Arthur Sullivan (1896–1937) was an Australian recipient of the
Victoria Cross. Born in South Australia, Sullivan enlisted in the
Australian Imperial Force during World War I. Sent to the United
Kingdom, he completed training after the Armistice came into effect.
Wanting to see active service, he sought his discharge and enlisted in
the British Army with the North Russia Relief Force, part of the Allied
intervention in the Russian Civil War. In the early morning of
11 August 1919 he was a member of a rearguard withdrawing across the
Sheika River in North Russia. As his platoon crossed the river on a one-
plank bridge, it came under intense fire from Bolshevik troops, and four
men fell into the river. Sullivan jumped in and rescued all four, one by
one; he was awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions. He was part of
the Australian Coronation Contingent in London for the coronation of
King George VI in 1937 when he died of head injuries received in a
fall.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Sullivan_%28Australian_soldier%29>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1492:
The first papal conclave to be held in the Sistine Chapel
elected Roderic Borja as Pope Alexander VI to succeed Innocent VIII.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1492_papal_conclave>
1786:
Francis Light founded George Town, the first British settlement
in Southeast Asia and the present-day capital of the Malaysian state of
Penang.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Town,_Penang>
1952:
King Talal of Jordan was forced to abdicate due to health
reasons and was succeeded by his eldest son Hussein (pictured).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_of_Jordan>
1973:
At a party in the recreation room of a New York City apartment
building, Jamaican musician DJ Kool Herc began rapping during an
extended break, laying the foundation for hip-hop music.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DJ_Kool_Herc>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
Weimarization:
(politics, American spelling, Oxford British English) A state of
economic crisis leading to political upheaval and extremism.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Weimarization>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The sign work of the Orient it runneth up and down; The Talmud
stalks from right to left, a rabbi in a gown;The Roman rolls from left
to right from Maytime unto May; But the gods shake up their symbols in
an absent-minded way.Their language runs to circles like the language of
the eyes, Emphasised by strange dilations with little panting sighs.
--Nathalia Crane
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Nathalia_Crane>
Hurricane Olivia was a Category 4 hurricane that hit Hawaii as a
weakening tropical storm in September 2018, causing severe flooding and
wind damage. Olivia was the first tropical cyclone to make landfall on
either Maui or Lanai since modern weather records began. It was the
fifteenth named storm, ninth hurricane, and sixth major hurricane of the
2018 Pacific hurricane season. A tropical depression formed southwest of
Mexico on September 1 and strengthened into a tropical storm a day
later. Olivia peaked as a Category 4 hurricane on September 7, with
winds of 130 mph (210 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 951 mbar
(28.08 inHg). On September 12 the storm weakened and made brief
landfalls on Maui and Lanai, with winds of 45 mph (70 km/h).
Torrential rainfall occurred on both Maui and Oahu, peaking at 12.93 in
(328 mm) in West Wailuaiki, Maui. Olivia felled trees on Maui, and some
homes and vehicles were swept away by floodwaters. (This article is
part of a featured topic: 2018 Pacific hurricane season.).
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_topics/2018_Pacific_hurric…>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1861:
American Civil War: The first major battle west of the
Mississippi River, the Battle of Wilson's Creek, was fought.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Wilson%27s_Creek>
1897:
German chemist Felix Hoffmann discovered an improved way of
synthesizing acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) (package pictured).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_aspirin>
1953:
First Indochina War: The French Union withdrew its forces from
Operation Camargue against the Việt Minh in central modern-day
Vietnam.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Camargue>
2019:
Having already caused severe flooding in the Philippines,
Typhoon Lekima made landfall in Zhejiang, China, and went on to become
the costliest typhoon in Chinese history.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_Lekima>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
sere:
1. (archaic or literary, poetic) Without moisture; dry.
2. (obsolete) Of fabrics: threadbare, worn out. [...]
3. (obsolete or Britain, dialectal) Individual, separate, set apart.
4. (obsolete or Britain, dialectal) Different; diverse.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sere>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Great leaps forward in history are often, in fact, giant leaps
back. The Reformation did initiate brutal sectarian warfare. The French
Revolution did degenerate into barbarous tyranny. Communist utopias —
allegedly the wave of an Elysian future — turned into murderous
nightmares. Modern neoliberalism has, for its part, created a global
capitalist machine that is seemingly beyond anyone’s control, fast
destroying the planet’s climate, wiping out vast tracts of life on
Earth while consigning millions of Americans to economic stagnation and
cultural despair. And at an even deeper level, the more we discover
about human evolution, the more illusory certain ideas of progress
become.
--Andrew Sullivan
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Andrew_Sullivan>
The 2008 UAW-Dodge 400 was the third stock car race of the 2008 NASCAR
Sprint Cup Series. It was held on March 2 before a crowd of 153,000 in
Las Vegas, Nevada, at Las Vegas Motor Speedway. The 267-lap race was won
by Carl Edwards of the Roush Fenway Racing team, for his ninth career
win in the series. Dale Earnhardt Jr. finished second and Edwards's
teammate Greg Biffle came in third. The race was stopped when Jeff
Gordon crashed on lap 262, strewing car parts into the path of other
drivers; after the restart, Edwards maintained the lead. There were
eleven cautions and 19 lead changes by nine different drivers during the
race. Ford took over the lead of the Manufacturers' Championship, five
points ahead of Dodge. The race attracted 12.1 million television
viewers. Edwards was later issued with a 100-point penalty after his car
was found to violate NASCAR regulations, dropping him from first to
seventh in the Drivers' Championship.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_UAW-Dodge_400>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1945:
World War II: The USAAF bomber Bockscar dropped a Fat Man
atomic bomb (replica pictured) on Nagasaki, Japan.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fat_Man>
1971:
The Troubles: British forces began arresting and interning
suspected Irish republican militants in Northern Ireland.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Demetrius>
2001:
A suicide bomber attacked a pizza restaurant in Jerusalem,
killing 15 people and wounding 130 others.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sbarro_restaurant_suicide_bombing>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
merlion:
1. An imaginary creature with the head of a lion and the body of a fish.
2. (Singapore, specifically) Often Merlion: such a creature which is one
of the national symbols of Singapore; a depiction of this creature.
[...]
3. (heraldry) A depiction of a bird similar to a house martin or swallow
with stylized feet; a martlet.
4. (rare) Alternative form of merlin (“a small falcon, Falco
columbarius”).
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/merlion>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Knowing reality means constructing systems of transformations
that correspond, more or less adequately, to reality. They are more or
less isomorphic to transformations of reality. The transformational
structures of which knowledge consists are not copies of the
transformations in reality; they are simply possible isomorphic models
among which experience can enable us to choose. Knowledge, then, is a
system of transformations that become progressively adequate.
--Jean Piaget
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jean_Piaget>
Shoom was a weekly all-nighter dance music event held at nightclubs in
London, England, between December 1987 and early 1990. It is widely
credited with initiating the acid house movement in the UK. Shoom was
founded by Danny Rampling and managed by his wife Jenni. It began at a
300-capacity basement gym on Southwark Street in South London. By May
1988 its growing popularity necessitated a move to the larger Raw venue
on Tottenham Court Road, Central London, and a switch from Saturday to
Thursday nights. Later relocations were to The Park nightclub in
Kensington and Busby's venue on Charing Cross Road. The early nights
featured Chicago house and Detroit techno, mixed with contemporary pop
and post-punk. Its musical and visual culture evolved around the
classical hallucinogenic drug LSD and the psychoactive drug MDMA, the
latter commonly known in the UK as ecstasy or "E". Shoom closed shortly
after open drug use at the club began to attract police attention. By
this time, electronic music had crossed into the mainstream as the
heavier sounding rave style became popular.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoom>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1918:
The Battle of Amiens began in Amiens, France, marking the start
of the Allied Powers' Hundred Days Offensive through the German front
lines that ultimately led to the end of World War I.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Amiens_%281918%29>
1969:
At a zebra crossing in London, photographer Iain Macmillan took
the photo that was used for the cover of the Beatles' album Abbey Road.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbey_Road>
2008:
A EuroCity train en route to Prague struck a part of a motorway
bridge that had fallen onto the track near Studénka station and
derailed, killing 8 people and injuring 64 others.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Stud%C3%A9nka_train_wreck>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
sidle:
1. (transitive, intransitive, also figuratively) To (cause something to)
move sideways.
2. (transitive, intransitive, also figuratively) In the intransitive
sense often followed by up: to (cause something to) advance in a coy,
furtive, or unobtrusive manner.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sidle>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Men have been laughed out of faults which a sermon could not
reform; nay, there are many little indecencies which are improper to be
mentioned in such solemn discourses. Now ridicule with contempt or ill-
nature, is indeed always irritating and offensive; but we may, by
testifying a just esteem for the good qualities of the person ridiculed,
and our concern for his interests, let him see that our ridicule of his
weakness flows from love to him, and then we may hope for a good effect.
This then is another necessary rule, "That along with our ridicule of
smaller faults we should always join evidences of good nature and
esteem."
--Francis Hutcheson
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Francis_Hutcheson_%28philosopher%29>
Henry IV (11 November 1050 – 7 August 1106) was Holy Roman
Emperor from 1084 to 1105. After his father's death in 1056, Henry was
placed under his mother's guardianship. Archbishop Anno II of Cologne
kidnapped him in 1062 and administered Germany until he came of age in
1065. Ignoring the ideas of the Gregorian Reform, Henry insisted on the
royal prerogative to appoint bishops in his German and Italian realms.
The Investiture Controversy culminated when Pope Gregory VII
excommunicated Henry in response to Henry's attempt to dethrone him.
Henry carried out his penitential Walk to Canossa in 1077 and Gregory
absolved him. Henry's German opponents ignored this absolution and
elected an anti-king. Most German and northern Italian bishops remained
loyal to Henry and elected the antipope, Clement III, who crowned Henry
emperor in Rome in 1084. His son, Henry V, forced him to abdicate on
31 December 1105.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1794:
U.S. president George Washington invoked the Militia Acts of
1792 to suppress the Whiskey Rebellion in western Pennsylvania.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Militia_Acts_of_1792>
1946:
The Soviet Union informed Turkey that the way in which the
latter was handling the Turkish Straits no longer represented the
security interests of its fellow Black Sea nations, escalating the
Turkish Straits crisis.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Straits_crisis>
2008:
Fighting between the Georgian and South Ossetian separatist
forces escalated to the six-day Russo-Georgian War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russo-Georgian_War>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
calabash:
1. A tree (known as the calabash tree; Crescentia cujete) native to
Central and South America, the West Indies, and southern Florida,
bearing large, round fruit used to make containers (sense 3); the fruit
of this tree.
2. The bottle gourd (calabash vine, Lagenaria siceraria), a vine
believed to have originated in Africa, which is grown for its fruit that
are used as a vegetable and to make containers (sense 3); the fruit of
this plant.
3. A container made from the mature, dried shell of the fruit of one of
the above plants; also, a similarly shaped container made from some
other material.
4. A calabash and its contents; as much as fills such a container.
5. (music) A musical instrument, most commonly a drum or rattle, made
from a calabash fruit.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/calabash>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The real struggle is not between the right and the left —
that's where most people assume — but it's between the party of the
thoughtful and the party of the jerks. And no side of the political
spectrum has a monopoly on either of those qualities.
--Jimmy Wales
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jimmy_Wales>
South Park: The Stick of Truth is a 2014 role-playing video game
developed by Obsidian Entertainment in collaboration with South Park
Digital Studios, and published by Ubisoft for Microsoft Windows,
PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360. Based on the American adult animated
television series South Park, the game features whimsical fantasy role-
playing. As the New Kid, the player can freely explore the town of South
Park with a supporting party of characters, fighting aliens, Nazi
zombies, and gnomes. The visuals replicate the aesthetic of the
television series. South Park creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone (both
pictured) wrote the game's script, consulted on the design and voiced
many of the characters, as in the television program. Reviewers praised
the comedic script and authentic visual style, but some faulted the game
over technical issues and a lack of challenging combat. A sequel, South
Park: The Fractured but Whole, was released in 2017.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park:_The_Stick_of_Truth>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1890:
At Auburn Prison in the U.S. state of New York, William Kemmler
became the first person to be executed by electric chair.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_chair>
1965:
U.S. president Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act
into law, outlawing literacy tests and other discriminatory voting
practices that had been responsible for the widespread disfranchisement
of African Americans.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965>
1991:
British computer programmer Tim Berners-Lee first posted files
describing his ideas for a system of interlinked, hypertext documents
accessible via the Internet, to be called a "World Wide Web".
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
planning permission:
(Britain, construction, law) Legal permission granted by a government
authority to construct on one's land, or to change the use of the land.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/planning_permission>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Souls that have toil'd, and wrought, and thought with me —
That ever with a frolic welcome took The thunder and the sunshine, and
opposed Free hearts, free foreheads — you and I are old; Old age
hath yet his honor and his toil. Death closes all; but something ere
the end, Some work of noble note, may yet be done, Not unbecoming men
that strove with gods.
--Alfred, Lord Tennyson
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Alfred,_Lord_Tennyson>
The York County, Maine, Tercentenary half dollar is a fifty-cent piece
minted in 1936 as a commemorative coin to commemorate the 300th
anniversary of the founding of York County, the southernmost county in
Maine and the first to be organized. The obverse shows Brown's Garrison,
a fort around which York County developed, while the reverse depicts the
county's arms. A commemorative coin craze in 1936 saw some coins
authorized by the United States Congress that were of mainly local
significance; the York County issue was one of these, passing Congress
without opposition in the first half of 1936. Maine artist Walter H.
Rich designed the issue; his work has garnered mixed praise and dislike
from numismatic authors. The Philadelphia Mint struck 25,000 for public
sale. Less than 19,000 sold by 1937, more than half to Mainers; the rest
were sold in the 1950s. As of 2021, the York County half dollar catalogs
for around $200, depending on condition.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/York_County,_Maine,_Tercentenary_half_dollar>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1600:
Scottish nobleman John Ruthven, 3rd Earl of Gowrie, was killed
during what was most likely a failed attempt to kidnap King James VI.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ruthven,_3rd_Earl_of_Gowrie>
1888:
Bertha Benz made the first long-distance automobile trip,
driving 106 km (66 mi) from Mannheim to Pforzheim, Germany, in a Benz
Patent-Motorwagen (pictured).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertha_Benz>
1981:
U.S. president Ronald Reagan fired the 11,345 striking members
of the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization en masse.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_Air_Traffic_Controllers_Organiza…>
2011:
NASA launched the Juno probe to Jupiter as part of the New
Frontiers program.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juno_%28spacecraft%29>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
side-eye:
(transitive) To look at out of the corner of one's eye, particularly
with animosity, or in a judgmental or suspicious manner.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/side-eye>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
I think we're going to the moon because it's in the nature of the
human being to face challenges. It's by the nature of his deep inner
soul ... we're required to do these things just as salmon swim upstream.
--Neil Armstrong
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Neil_Armstrong>