USS Indiana was the lead ship of her class and the first battleship in
the United States Navy comparable to foreign battleships of the time.
Authorized in 1890, she was launched on 28 February 1893 and
commissioned on 20 November 1895. The ship pioneered the use of an
intermediate battery. Indiana served in the Spanish–American War as
part of the North Atlantic Squadron and took part in the blockade of
Santiago de Cuba and the battle of Santiago de Cuba. After the war she
became obsolete—despite several modernizations—and spent most of her
time in commission as a training ship or in the reserve fleet, with her
last commission during World War I as a training ship for gun crews.
She was decommissioned for the third and final time in January 1919 and
was shortly after renamed Coast Battleship Number 1 so that the name
Indiana could be reused. She was sunk in shallow water as a target in
aerial bombing tests in 1920 and her hull was sold for scrap in 1924.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Indiana_%28BB-1%29>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1897:
Ranavalona III, the last sovereign ruler of the Kingdom of
Madagascar, was deposed by French military forces.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranavalona_III>
1928:
Indian physicist C. V. Raman and his colleagues discovered
what is now known as Raman scattering, for which he later became the
first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Physics.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._V._Raman>
1947:
Nationalist soldiers fired on protesters in Taipei (crowd
pictured), triggering widespread uprisings and the violent suppression
in the Taiwanese White Terror.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_28_incident>
1975:
A London Underground train failed to stop at the terminal
Moorgate station, crashing and causing the deaths of 43 people.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moorgate_tube_crash>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
short twentieth century:
1. (history, specifically) The period between 1914 and 1991, from the
beginning of World War I to the fall of the Soviet Union.
2. (history, generally) Any period of years defined by significant
historical events falling within the 20th century (1 January 1901 to 31
December 2000).
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/short_twentieth_century>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The most manifest sign of wisdom is a continual cheerfulness; her
state is like that in the regions above the moon, always clear and
serene.
--Michel de Montaigne
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Michel_de_Montaigne>
Ibn al-Ash'ath (died 704) was an Arab nobleman and military commander
during the Umayyad Caliphate. He played a minor role in the Second Fitna
and then served as governor of Rayy. After the appointment of al-Hajjaj
ibn Yusuf as governor of Iraq in 694, relations with the Iraqi tribal
nobility became strained. In 699, al-Hajjaj appointed Ibn al-Ash'ath as
commander of a huge Iraqi army to subdue Zabulistan. In 700, Ibn al-
Ash'ath and the army revolted. This developed into a full-fledged anti-
Umayyad rebellion, with widespread support, especially among the
religious zealots known as "Quran readers". The rebel army was
decisively defeated by al-Hajjaj's Syrian troops at the Battle of Dayr
al-Jamajim. Ibn al-Ash'ath fled to Zabulistan. His fate is unclear; some
accounts hold that he was executed there, while most claim that he
committed suicide to avoid capture. The suppression of Ibn al-Ash'ath's
revolt signalled the end of the power of the tribal nobility of Iraq.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_al-Ash%27ath>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1560:
The Treaty of Berwick was signed, setting the terms under which
an English fleet and army could enter Scotland to expel French troops
defending the regency of Mary of Guise (pictured).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Berwick_%281560%29>
1962:
Two dissident Republic of Vietnam Air Force pilots bombed the
Independence Palace in Saigon in a failed attempt to assassinate
President Ngo Dinh Diem.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1962_South_Vietnamese_Independence_Palace_bom…>
1982:
The D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, known for its performances of
Gilbert and Sullivan's Savoy operas, gave its final performance.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%27Oyly_Carte_Opera_Company>
2002:
Violent riots, perceived to have been instigated by a train
fire that killed 59 Hindu pilgrims, broke out in the Indian state of
Gujarat, killing at least 1,000 people, mostly Muslims, over three days.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godhra_train_burning>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
switchback:
1. (rail transport)
2. A railway track on a steep slope in a zigzag formation, in which a
train travels in a reverse direction at each switch.
3. A railway track on which there are steep ascents and descents, a
train moving partially or fully by the force of gravity using the
momentum generated when descending to travel up an ascending part of the
track; especially (Britain, dated), such a track built for fun rides at
an amusement park; a type of rollercoaster.
4. (by extension)
5. (aviation) A flight path consisting of a series of steep ascents and
descents, generally flown as a stunt.
6. (chiefly Britain, road transport) A path or road having a series of
steep ascents and descents.
7. (chiefly Canada, US, road transport) A sharp bend in a path or road
which causes a traveller to almost reverse their direction of travel,
especially one of a series of such bends on an incline; a hairpin bend;
also a path or road having such a series of bends.
8. (intransitive) To take a zigzag course or path.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/switchback>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Man might be described fairly adequately, if simply, as a two-
legged paradox. He has never become accustomed to the tragic miracle of
consciousness. Perhaps, as has been suggested, his species is not set,
has not jelled, but is still in a state of becoming, bound by his
physical memories to a past of struggle and survival, limited in his
futures by the uneasiness of thought and consciousness.
--John Steinbeck
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/John_Steinbeck>
The Japanese fire-bellied newt (Cynops pyrrhogaster) consists of four
distinct varieties, formally recognized together as a single species.
Its upper body is dark and its lower regions bright red; coloration
varies with age, genetics, and region. Adults are 8 to 15 cm (3 to
6 in) long. They are found on many Japanese islands. Their habitats
include bodies of water, forests, and grasslands. They breed from spring
to the beginning of summer. Eggs are laid separately, hatching after
about three weeks. They grow from larval to juvenile form in five to six
months. Juveniles eat soil-dwelling prey; adults eat insects, tadpoles,
and the eggs of their own species. They have multiple adaptations to
avoid predators, including containing tetrodotoxin, a neurotoxin.
Several aspects of their biology have been studied, including their
ability to regrow lost body parts. Currently, their population is
declining, and they face threats from disease and the pet trade. They
can be successfully kept in captivity.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_fire-bellied_newt>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1815:
Napoleon escaped from the Italian island of Elba (depicted), to
which he had been exiled after the signing of the Treaty of
Fontainebleau.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon>
1917:
The Original Dixieland Jass Band recorded "Livery Stable
Blues", the first jazz single ever released.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livery_Stable_Blues>
2008:
In the first significant cultural visit from the United States
to North Korea since the Korean War, the New York Philharmonic Orchestra
performed in East Pyongyang Grand Theatre.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_New_York_Philharmonic_visit_to_North_Kor…>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
beauty spot:
1. (archaic) A thing (especially an aspect of something) which is
beautiful.
2. A natural mark on a person's skin, especially a freckle or mole on a
woman's face.
3. (cosmetics, historical) A patch or spot drawn or placed on the face
in order to heighten beauty.
4. (ornithology, archaic) Synonym of speculum (“a bright, lustrous patch
of colour found on the wings of ducks and some other birds, usually
situated on the distal portions of the secondary quills, and much more
brilliant in the adult male than in the female”)
5. (chiefly Britain) A place noted for its beauty, especially its
natural scenery.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/beauty_spot>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Music expresses that which cannot be said and on which it is
impossible to be silent.
--Victor Hugo
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Victor_Hugo>
The Lake Street Transfer station was a rapid transit station on the
Chicago "L" that linked its Lake Street Elevated with the Logan Square
branch of its Metropolitan West Side Elevated Railroad from 1913 to
1951. The Lake Street and Metropolitan were both constructed in the
1890s by different companies. The two companies owning the lines, along
with two others, unified their operations in the early 1910s; as part of
the merger, the Lake Street's owner had to close its nearby station on
Wood Street and build a new one to form a transfer with the
Metropolitan. This transfer station had a double-decked construction
(depicted), with the Metropolitan's infrastructure crossing over the
Lake Street. This arrangement continued until the Dearborn Street subway
opened on February 25, 1951, replacing the Logan Square branch in the
area and leading to the station's closure. The site would eventually
serve as the junction of the modern Pink Line to the Green Line.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Street_Transfer_station>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1866:
Miners in Calaveras County, California, discovered a human
skull that was taken to show that humans had existed during the
Pliocene, a thesis that was later disproved.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calaveras_Skull>
1956:
In a speech to the 20th Congress of the Communist Party, Soviet
leader Nikita Khrushchev denounced the personality cult and dictatorship
of his predecessor Joseph Stalin.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Cult_of_Personality_and_Its_Consequenc…>
1980:
The first prime minister of independent Suriname, Henck Arron,
was deposed in a military coup led by Dési Bouterse.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980_Surinamese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat>
2020:
Hong Kong–based writer and publisher Gui Minhai, known for
writing about Chinese Communist Party politicians, was sentenced to ten
years' imprisonment for intelligence violations.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gui_Minhai>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
withal:
1. (chiefly archaic)
2. Together with the rest; besides; in addition.
3. All things considered; nevertheless.
4. (archaic or obsolete) Synonym of therewith (“with this, that, or
those”)
5. (archaic) Used at the end of a clause or sentence, after the object:
with.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/withal>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
I am grateful to our people, grateful to our multi-million army
of volunteers and citizens who do care, who can collect and get
everything necessary. We have become one. Our journalists and media are
a united front fighting against lies and panic. We have become one
family. There are no more strangers among us. Ukrainians today are all
fellows. Ukrainians have sheltered Ukrainians, opened their homes and
hearts to those who were forced to flee the war. We withstand all
threats, shelling, cluster bombs, cruise missiles, kamikaze drones,
blackouts, and cold. We are stronger than that. It was a year of
resilience. A year of care. A year of bravery. A year of pain. A year of
hope. A year of endurance. A year of unity. The year of invincibility.
The furious year of invincibility. Its main result is that we endured.
We were not defeated. And we will do everything to gain victory this
year!
--Volodymyr Zelenskyy
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy>
Artemy Vedel (1767–1808) was a Ukrainian-born Russian composer of
military and liturgical music. He made major contributions to the music
of Ukraine, producing works based on Ukrainian folk melodies, and is one
of the greatest composers of Ukrainian and Russian classical music of
his era. Born in Kyiv, he studied at the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, after
which he was appointed its conductor. The army general Andrei Levanidov
acquired his services to lead Kyiv's regimental chapel and choir, where
he reached the peak of his creativity as a composer. He was then based
in Kharkiv but returned to Kyiv when cultural life was affected by Tsar
Paul I's decrees. He became a novice monk of the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra,
but was accused of threatening the royal family and incarcerated as a
mental patient. His work was censored while Ukraine was part of the
Soviet Union. More than 80 of his works are known, including 31 choral
concertos, but many of his compositions are lost.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemy_Vedel>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1720:
War of the Quadruple Alliance: Spanish forces began a failed
assault on the British settlement of Nassau in the Bahamas.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raid_on_Nassau_%281720%29>
1809:
After having stood for only 15 years, London's Theatre Royal,
Drury Lane, the third building of that name, burned down.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theatre_Royal,_Drury_Lane>
1968:
Vietnam War: South Vietnamese forces led by Ngô Quang
Trưởng recaptured the citadel of Huế.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Hu%E1%BA%BF>
1978:
Five men disappeared after attending a college basketball game
in Chico, California; the bodies of four of them were discovered in June
that year.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuba_County_Five>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
embattled:
1. (also figuratively)
2. Armed or prepared for battle.
3. Of a place: occupied or surrounded by armed troops.
4. Of a place: strengthened so as to withstand attacks; fortified.
5. (figuratively) Subject to or troubled by attacks, controversy, or
pressure.
6. (architecture) Of a fortress or other building, a wall, etc.: having
battlements or crenellations; battlemented, crenellated.
7. (by extension, heraldry) Having an edge or outline of alternating
square indentations and extensions like battlements.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/embattled>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Ще не вмерла України і слава, і воля,
Ще нам, браття молодії, усміхнеться
доля. Згинуть наші воріженьки, як роса
на сонці. Запануєм і ми, браття, у своїй
сторонці. The glory of Ukraine has not yet perished, nor the
will. Still upon us, young brothers, fate shall smile. Our enemies
shall vanish, like dew in the sun. We too shall rule, brothers, our
country.
--State Anthem of Ukraine
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ukraine>
American transportation in the Siegfried Line campaign of World War II
played a crucial part in the military logistics of the campaign between
September and December 1944. The Germans attempted to delay the Allied
advance by denying access to ports and demolishing communications.
Cherbourg was the only deep-water port in northwest Europe in Allied
hands, and it had been badly damaged. Insufficient port capacity caused
a backlog of ships awaiting discharge in European waters, precipitating
a global shipping crisis. Additional capacity was obtained by opening
Rouen, Le Havre and Antwerp. Port clearance then became a bottleneck.
Motor transport was used until the railways could be brought back into
service. Antwerp was subject to attack from German V-weapons, so it was
considered unwise to unload ammunition there. The German Ardennes
offensive in December threatened Antwerp and the depot areas around
Liège, but by the year's end preparations were under way for the final
assault on Germany.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_transportation_in_the_Siegfried_Line…>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1847:
Mexican–American War: The United States Army used artillery
to repulse the much larger Mexican army at the Battle of Buena Vista
near Saltillo.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Buena_Vista>
1941:
Plutonium was first chemically identified by chemist Glenn T.
Seaborg and his team at the University of California, Berkeley.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutonium>
1945:
American photographer Joe Rosenthal took the Pulitzer
Prize–winning photograph Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima during the
Battle of Iwo Jima, an image that was later reproduced on the Marine
Corps War Memorial.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raising_the_Flag_on_Iwo_Jima>
2017:
Syrian civil war: Allied troops led by the Turkish Armed Forces
captured the city of al-Bab from the Islamic State.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_al-Bab>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
dawdle:
1. (transitive) Chiefly followed by away: to spend (time) without haste
or purpose.
2. (intransitive)
3. To spend time idly and unfruitfully; to waste time.
4. To move or walk lackadaisically.
5. An act of spending time idly and unfruitfully; a dawdling.
6. An act of moving or walking lackadaisically, a dawdling; a leisurely
or slow walk or other journey.
7. Synonym of dawdler (“a person who dawdles or idles”) [...]
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dawdle>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Liberty trains for liberty. Responsibility is the first step in
responsibility.
--W. E. B. Du Bois
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois>
Banjo-Kazooie: Nuts & Bolts is a 2008 platform game developed by Rare
and published by Microsoft Game Studios for the Xbox 360 (pictured). Set
eight years after Banjo-Tooie (2000), Nuts & Bolts follows Banjo and
Kazooie as they compete with the witch Gruntilda for their home. It
retains the structure of previous Banjo-Kazooie games – collecting
jigsaw puzzle pieces to progress – but shifts the focus from
exploration to vehicle construction and manoeuvring. The developers, led
by Gregg Mayles, introduced vehicles as they sought to evolve the
platform genre. Nuts & Bolts was a commercial disappointment and drew
criticism from fans for departing from the Banjo-Kazooie gameplay, but
received generally positive reviews. Retrospectively, its focus on
construction and player freedom has been considered ahead of its time.
It remains the most recent Banjo-Kazooie game, despite fan interest in a
continuation.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banjo-Kazooie:_Nuts_%26_Bolts>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1909:
The sixteen United States Navy battleships of the Great White
Fleet, led by Connecticut, completed a circumnavigation of the globe.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Connecticut_%28BB-18%29>
1997:
Scientists at the Roslin Institute in Scotland announced the
existence of Dolly, a female sheep who was the first mammal to have
successfully been cloned from an adult cell.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolly_%28sheep%29>
2006:
Seven men staged the largest cash robbery in Britain at a
Securitas depot in Tonbridge, Kent, United Kingdom.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securitas_depot_robbery>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
beer goggles:
(idiomatic, originally US, humorous, informal) The illusion that people
are more sexually attractive, brought on by alcohol consumption.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/beer_goggles>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Let us … animate and encourage each other, and show the whole
world that a Freeman, contending for liberty on his own ground, is
superior to any slavish mercenary on earth.
--George Washington
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/George_Washington>
An unsuccessful attempt was made to pass an amendment to the
Constitution of New Jersey in 1927. The legislature twice passed a
proposal, subject to a popular vote, intended to increase the length of
the terms of its members and the governor, with the text approved by the
state attorney general. Then, it was realized that though the
legislature intended that members of its lower house, the General
Assembly, be elected biennially (once in two years), the text actually
read that they were to be chosen "biannually" (twice a year). The press
was considerably amused by this. Democrats opposed the amendment as it
provided that the governor would be elected at the same time as the U.S.
president, something that they felt benefited Republicans. The
Democrats' political boss, Jersey City mayor Frank Hague (pictured),
spoke against it. On September 20, 1927, the people of New Jersey voted
down the proposal, and Assembly members served one-year terms until the
state passed a new constitution in 1947.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_1927_biannual_elections_propos…>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1828:
The inaugural issue of the Cherokee Phoenix, the first
newspaper in a Native American language, was published.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherokee_Phoenix>
1866:
Lucy Hobbs Taylor became the first woman to receive a doctorate
from a dental college.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucy_Hobbs_Taylor>
1929:
In the first battle of the Warlord Rebellion in northeastern
Shandong against the Nationalist government of China, a 24,000-strong
rebel force led by Zhang Zongchang was defeated at Zhifu by 7,000 NRA
troops.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warlord_Rebellion_in_northeastern_Shandong>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
pardon my French:
(intransitive, idiomatic, often humorous) To excuse the speaker's
frankness of expression or profanity.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pardon_my_French>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Putin thought Ukraine was weak and the West was divided. As you
know, Mr. President, I said to you at the beginning, he’s counting on
us not sticking together. He was counting on the inability to keep NATO
united. He was counting on us not to be able to bring in others on the
side of Ukraine. He thought he could outlast us. I don’t think
he’s thinking that right now.
--Joe Biden
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Joe_Biden>
The Wisconsin Territorial Centennial half dollar was designed by David
Parsons and Benjamin Hawkins and minted by the United States Bureau of
the Mint in 1936. The obverse (pictured) depicts a pick axe and lead
ore, referring to the lead mining in early Wisconsin; the reverse
depicts a badger and the territorial seal. Organizers of the territorial
centennial celebration sought a commemorative half dollar as a
fundraiser; newly issued United States commemorative coins at this time
found a ready market from collectors and speculators. Accordingly,
legislation was introduced by Senator Robert M. La Follette Jr., which
passed Congress without opposition. When initial designs by Parsons were
rejected by the Commission of Fine Arts, Hawkins was hired. He executed
the designs, though Parsons was also given credit. A total of 25,000
pieces were coined for public sale in July 1936. Sales were weak and
the coins were vended by the Wisconsin Historical Society until the late
1950s. The coins catalog for up to $250.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin_Territorial_Centennial_half_dollar>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1943:
A fissure opened in a cornfield in the Mexican state of
Michoacán and continued to erupt for nine years, forming the cinder
cone Parícutin (pictured).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par%C3%ADcutin>
1988:
The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast voted to secede from
Azerbaijan and join Armenia, triggering the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Nagorno-Karabakh_War>
1992:
Appearing on the talk show Larry King Live, U.S. industrialist
Ross Perot announced that he would begin a presidential campaign if
"ordinary people" wanted him to run for office.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ross_Perot_1992_presidential_campaign>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
bubbe:
1. A grandmother.
2. An elderly woman.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bubbe>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Slaves sing most when they are most unhappy. The songs of the
slave represent the sorrows of his heart; and he is relieved by them,
only as an aching heart is relieved by its tears. At least, such is my
experience. I have often sung to drown my sorrow, but seldom to express
my happiness. Crying for joy, and singing for joy, were alike uncommon
to me while in the jaws of slavery. The singing of a man cast away upon
a desolate island might be as appropriately considered as evidence of
contentment and happiness, as the singing of a slave; the songs of the
one and of the other are prompted by the same emotion.
--Frederick Douglass
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Frederick_Douglass>
The Corp Naomh is an Irish bell shrine made in the 9th or 10th century
to enclose a now lost hand-bell, which probably dated to around 600 to
900 AD and belonged to an early Irish saint. It is 23 cm (9.1 in)
high and 12 cm (4.7 in) wide. It consists of cast bronze and plates of
sheet bronze mounted on a wooden core decorated with silver, niello and
rock crystal. It is severely damaged with extensive losses and wear
across almost all of its parts. Sections from its original include the
cross on the reverse and the ornate semi-circular cap, which shows a
bearded cleric holding a book. He is surrounded on both sides by
horsemen and large birds. It was extensively refurbished in the 15th
century, and possibly the 16th century, when a central bronze
crucifixion of Jesus, a griffin and lion panel, stamped border panels
and a backing plate were added. It was transferred to the National
Museum of Ireland in 1887.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corp_Naomh>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1674:
King Charles II of England signed the Treaty of Westminster to
end the Third Anglo-Dutch War, confirming English and Dutch sovereignty
over New Netherland and Surinam, respectively.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Anglo-Dutch_War>
1942:
Second World War: In the largest attack mounted by a foreign
power against Australia, more than 240 Japanese aircraft bombed the city
of Darwin (pictured).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Darwin>
2012:
Mexican drug war: Forty-four inmates died in a prison riot in
Apodaca, Mexico, between members of Los Zetas and the Gulf Cartel.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apodaca_prison_riot>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
perpetuate:
1. (archaic except poetic) Perpetual, or made perpetual; continued for
an indefinite time.
2. (transitive) To make (something) perpetual; to make (something)
continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from
extinction or oblivion.
3. (law) To record (the testimony of a witness) which may be lost before
a matter comes to trial.
4. (transitive) To prolong the existence of (something) by repetition;
to reinforce.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/perpetuate>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
I don't like you But I love you. See that I'm always Thinking
of you. Oh, oh, oh, You treat me badly; I love you madly. You've
really got a hold on me.
--Smokey Robinson
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Smokey_Robinson>