Æthelwold was a son of King Alfred the Great's older brother,
Æthelred, who was King of Wessex from 865 to 871. While the West Saxons
were fighting a Danish Viking invasion, Æthelred died; his sons were
infants, so Alfred became king. He defeated the Vikings at the Battle of
Edington in 878, but when he died in 899 the Vikings still controlled
Northumbria and East Anglia. In his will (pictured) Alfred favoured his
own children over his brother's. Æthelwold, as senior ætheling (prince
of the royal dynasty eligible for kingship), had a strong claim to the
throne, and he disputed the crown with Alfred's son, Edward the Elder.
Æthelwold attempted to raise an army to support his claim, but was
unable to get sufficient support to meet Edward in battle and fled to
Northumbria, where he was accepted by the Danes as king. In 902 he
persuaded the East Anglian Vikings to launch an attack on Edward's
territory in Wessex and Mercia. Edward retaliated with a raid on East
Anglia, and when he withdrew, his men from Kent lingered and met the
East Anglian Danes at the Battle of the Holme. The Danes were victorious
but suffered heavy losses, including the death of Æthelwold, ending the
challenge to Edward's rule.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86thelwold_%C3%A6theling>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1006:
SN 1006 (remnant pictured), the brightest supernova in recorded
history, first appeared in the constellation Lupus.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SN_1006>
1557:
Arauco War: Spanish forces of the Governor Francisco de
Villagra launched a dawn surprise attack against the Mapuche headed by
their toqui Lautaro in what is now Chile.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Mataquito>
1789:
George Washington took the oath of office as the first
President of the United States at Federal Hall in New York City.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington>
1945:
World War II: As Allied forces were closing in on Berlin, Adolf
Hitler and Eva Braun committed suicide in the Führerbunker after being
married for one day.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Adolf_Hitler>
1975:
American forces completed a helicopter evacuation of U.S.
citizens, South Vietnamese civilians and others from Saigon, just before
North Vietnamese troops captured the city, ending the Vietnam War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_Saigon>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
capacious:
Having a lot of space inside; roomy.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/capacious>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
I still get laughed at but it doesn't bother me, I'm just so
glad to hear laughter around me.
--Amanda Palmer
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Amanda_Palmer>
The expansion era of the National Hockey League (NHL) began when six new
teams were added to the original six for the 1967–68 season. The
expansion teams formed the newly created West Division: the Los Angeles
Kings, Minnesota North Stars, Oakland Seals, Philadelphia Flyers,
Pittsburgh Penguins and St. Louis Blues. By 1978, the NHL had lost the
Seals and had added another six teams: the Buffalo Sabres, Vancouver
Canucks, Atlanta Flames, New York Islanders, Colorado Rockies, and
Washington Capitals. They added another four teams in 1979, absorbed
from the defunct World Hockey Association—the Edmonton Oilers,
Hartford Whalers, Quebec Nordiques and Winnipeg Jets—for a total of 21
teams, a figure that remained constant until the San Jose Sharks joined
as an expansion franchise in 1991. The NHL became involved in
international play in the Summit Series in 1972, matching NHL players
against the top players of the Soviet Union, and in the Canada Cup and
Super Series between 1976 and 1991. The expansion era was one of the
highest-scoring periods in NHL history, led in the 1980s by the Edmonton
Oilers and Wayne Gretzky (pictured in 2006), who scored 215 points in
1985–86, still a league record.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1967%E…>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1253:
Nichiren, a Japanese monk, expounded Nam Myoho Renge Kyo for
the first time and declared it to be the essence of Buddhism, in effect
founding Nichiren Buddhism.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nichiren_Buddhism>
1789:
About 1,300 miles west of Tahiti, Fletcher Christian, master's
mate on board the Royal Navy ship HMAV Bounty, led a mutiny against the
ship's commander William Bligh.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutiny_on_the_Bounty>
1910:
Frenchman Louis Paulhan won the London to Manchester air race,
the first long-distance aeroplane race in England.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1910_London_to_Manchester_air_race>
1952:
Japan and China signed the Treaty of Taipei to officially end
the Second Sino-Japanese War, seven years after fighting in that
conflict ended due to World War II.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Taipei>
1975:
Chief of the South Vietnamese army Cao Văn Viên fled the
country as the North Vietnamese closed in on Saigon.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cao_V%C4%83n_Vi%C3%AAn>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
doggedly:
In a way that is stubbornly persistent: Abby marked the International
Day of the Dog with her beloved Jack Russell terrier, despite how he was
doggedly gnawing through her extensive collection of shoes.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/doggedly>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
We ARE history! Everything we've ever been on the way to
becoming us, we still are. Would you like the rest of the story? I'm
made up of the memories of my parents and my grandparents, all my
ancestors. They're in the way I look, in the color of my hair. And I'm
made up of everyone I've ever met who's changed the way I think.
--Terry Pratchett
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Terry_Pratchett>
Wish You Were Here (1975) is the ninth studio album by the English
progressive rock group Pink Floyd (pictured), recorded at London's Abbey
Road Studios. Some of its songs critique the music business; others
express alienation. "Shine On You Crazy Diamond" is a tribute to Syd
Barrett, whose mental breakdown had forced him to leave the group
several years earlier; it was lead writer Roger Waters' idea to split
the song into two parts and use it to bookend the other songs on the
album. As on their previous album, The Dark Side of the Moon, the band
made use of studio effects and synthesizers, and brought in guest
singers for some tracks, including Roy Harper for the lead vocals on
"Have a Cigar". The album became an instant commercial success, and
record company EMI was unable to print enough copies to satisfy demand.
Although it initially received mixed reviews, the album has since been
acclaimed by critics and appears on Rolling Stone 's list of
"The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time". Band members Richard Wright and
David Gilmour have each cited Wish You Were Here as their favourite Pink
Floyd album.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wish_You_Were_Here_(Pink_Floyd_album)>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
395:
Aelia Eudoxia married Byzantine emperor Arcadius without the
knowledge or consent of Rufinus, the Praetorian prefect who had intended
for his own daughter to wed the emperor.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aelia_Eudoxia>
1810:
Ludwig van Beethoven composed his "Bagatelle No. 25 in A
minor", better known as "Für Elise" (audio featured), one of his most
popular compositions.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BCr_Elise>
1865:
An explosion destroyed the steamboat Sultana on the Mississippi
River, killing an estimated 1,800 of the 2,400 passengers.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultana_(steamboat)>
1911:
Following the resignation of William P. Frye, a compromise was
reached in the United States Senate to rotate the office of the
President pro tempore of the United States Senate.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Se…>
2005:
The Airbus A380, the largest passenger airliner in the world,
made its maiden flight from Toulouse, France.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_A380>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
vates:
A poet or bard who is divinely inspired.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vates>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Nothing, I am sure, calls forth the faculties so much as the
being obliged to struggle with the world.
--Mary Wollstonecraft
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Mary_Wollstonecraft>
Constance Stokes (1906–1991) was a modernist Australian painter
working in Victoria. She trained at the National Gallery of Victoria Art
School until 1929, winning a scholarship to continue her study at
London's Royal Academy of Arts. Her paintings and drawings were
exhibited from the 1940s onwards, and she was one of only two women
included in a major exhibition of twelve Australian artists that
travelled to Canada, the United Kingdom and Italy in the early 1950s.
Influenced by George Bell, Stokes was part of the Melbourne Contemporary
Artists, a group Bell established in 1940, and her works continued to be
well-regarded by art historians for many years after the group's
formation. Her husband's early death in 1962 forced her to return to
painting as a career, resulting in a successful one-woman show in 1964,
her first in thirty years. She continued to paint and exhibit through
the 1980s. Her work faded into relative obscurity after her death, until
the publication of Anne Summers' 2009 book The Lost Mother, a narrative
that highlights Stokes and her paintings. Her art is represented in most
major Australian galleries, including the National Gallery of Australia
and the National Gallery of Victoria.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constance_Stokes>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1865:
U.S. Army soldiers cornered and fatally shot John Wilkes Booth,
the assassin of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, in rural northern
Virginia, ending a twelve-day manhunt.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wilkes_Booth>
1933:
The Gestapo (SS emblem pictured), the official secret police
force in Nazi Germany, was established.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestapo>
1945:
World War II: Both the German and Polish–Soviet sides claimed
victory as major fighting in the Battle of Bautzen ended.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bautzen_(1945)>
1970:
The World Intellectual Property Organization came into being
when its charter entered into force.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization>
2007:
Controversy surrounding the relocation of the Bronze Soldier of
Tallinn, a Soviet Red Army World War II memorial in Tallinn, Estonia,
erupted into mass protests and riots.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronze_Night>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
inside baseball:
1. (US, sports) Technical matters concerning baseball not apparent to
spectators.
2. (US) Matters of interest only to insiders.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/inside_baseball>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
To convince someone of the truth, it is not enough to state it,
but rather one must find the path from error to truth.
--Ludwig Wittgenstein
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein>
Amphibians are a class of cold-blooded vertebrates, mostly four-limbed.
They inhabit a wide variety of habitats in freshwater, on or under the
ground, or in trees. Typically starting their lives as aquatic larvae
with gills, they generally undergo metamorphosis into adults with air-
breathing lungs. They use their skins as a secondary respiratory
surface; some small terrestrial salamanders and frogs lack lungs and
rely entirely on their skins. The earliest amphibians evolved in the
Devonian Period from fish with lungs and bony-limbed fins. The three
modern orders of amphibians are Anura (the frogs and toads), Caudata
(the salamanders), and Gymnophiona (the caecilians). The number of known
species is approximately 7,000, of which nearly 90% are frogs. The
smallest living amphibian is a frog from New Guinea with a length of
just 7.7 mm (0.3 in). The largest is the 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in) Chinese
giant salamander, but this is dwarfed by the extinct 9 m (30 ft)
Prionosuchus from Brazil. With their complex reproductive needs and
permeable skins, amphibians are often indicators of ecological
disturbance, and in recent decades their populations have declined
around the globe.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibian>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1644:
The Ming dynasty of China fell when the Chongzhen Emperor
committed suicide during a peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty>
1849:
After Lord Elgin, the Governor General of Canada, signed the
Rebellion Losses Bill into law to compensate the residents of Lower
Canada for losses incurred in Rebellions of 1837, protestors rioted and
burned down the Parliament building in Montreal.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burning_of_the_Parliament_Buildings_in_Montre…>
1915:
First World War: Australian and New Zealand Army Corps landed
at Anzac Cove while British and French troops landed at Cape Helles to
begin the Allied invasion of the Gallipoli peninsula in the Ottoman
Empire.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallipoli_Campaign>
1945:
German troops retreated from northern Finland, bringing the
Lapland War to a close.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapland_War>
1990:
Violeta Chamorro took office as the President of Nicaragua, the
first woman elected in her own right as a head of state in the Americas.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violeta_Chamorro>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
paint the town red:
To party or celebrate in a rowdy, wild manner, especially in a public
place.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/paint_the_town_red>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Cum ergo spiritus Dei descendit, indiuidua patientia comitatur
eum. · When God's Spirit descends, then Patience accompanies Him
indivisibly.
--Tertullian
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Tertullian>
Colton Point State Park is a 368-acre (149 ha) Pennsylvania state park
in the United States. It is on the west side of Tioga County's Pine
Creek Gorge, also known as the Grand Canyon of Pennsylvania, which is
800 feet (240 m) deep and nearly 4,000 feet (1,200 m) across at this
location. The park, named for Henry Colton, a Williamsport lumberman who
cut timber there starting in 1879, extends from the creek in the bottom
of the gorge up to the rim and across part of the plateau to the west.
Known for its views of the gorge, it offers opportunities for
picnicking, hiking, fishing, hunting, whitewater boating, and camping.
It was chosen by the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural
Resources for its "Twenty Must-See Pennsylvania State Parks" list. Pine
Creek has carved the gorge through five major rock formations from the
Devonian and Carboniferous periods. A path along Pine Creek was first
used by Native Americans, then lumbermen, and from 1883 to 1988 it was
the route of a railroad. The gorge was named a National Natural Landmark
in 1968.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colton_Point_State_Park>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1547:
Schmalkaldic War: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, led Imperial
troops to a decisive victory in the Battle of Mühlberg over the
Lutheran Schmalkaldic League of Protestant princes.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_M%C3%BChlberg>
1800:
The Library of Congress, the de facto national library of the
United States, was established as part of an act of Congress providing
for the transfer of the nation's capital from Philadelphia to
Washington, D.C.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Congress>
1904:
Realizing that the Russification of Lithuania was not working,
the Russian Empire lifted the 40-year-old ban on publications using the
Lithuanian language.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_press_ban>
1967:
The Soviet spacecraft Soyuz 1 crashed in Siberia during its
return to Earth, killing cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov, the first human to
die during a spaceflight.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Komarov>
1990:
The Hubble Space Telescope was launched aboard the Space
Shuttle Discovery in mission STS-31.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
levant:
To abscond or run away, especially to avoid paying money or debts.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/levant>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
You will find out that Charity is a heavy burden to carry,
heavier than the kettle of soup and the full basket. But you will keep
your gentleness and your smile. It is not enough to give soup and bread.
This the rich can do. You are the servant of the poor, always smiling
and good-humored. They are your masters, terribly sensitive and exacting
master you will see. and the uglier and the dirtier they will be, the
more unjust and insulting, the more love you must give them. It is only
for your love alone that the poor will forgive you the bread you give to
them.
--Vincent de Paul
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Vincent_de_Paul>
Caelum is a faint constellation in the southern sky, introduced in the
1750s by Nicolas Louis de Lacaille. Latin for "chisel", it is the
eighth-smallest constellation, measuring around 0.038 steradians, just
smaller than Corona Australis. Caelum is a rather barren constellation
with few objects of interest, due to its small size and location away
from the plane of the Milky Way. The constellation's brightest star,
Alpha Caeli, is only of magnitude 4.45, and only one other star (Gamma1
Caeli) is brighter than magnitude 5. Other notable objects in Caelum are
RR Caeli, a binary star with one planet approximately 20.13 parsecs
(65.7 ly) away; X Caeli, a Delta Scuti variable that forms an optical
double with Gamma1 Caeli; and HE0450-2958, a Seyfert galaxy (pictured)
that at first appeared as just a jet, with no host galaxy visible. The
source of the jet was once suggested to be a supermassive black hole,
but is now agreed to be a small galaxy that is partially obscured by
light from the jet and a nearby starburst galaxy.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caelum>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1348:
The first-ever appointments to the Order of the Garter, an
order of chivalry founded by King Edward III of England, were
announced.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_Garter>
1661:
Charles II, King of England, Ireland, and Scotland was crowned
at Westminster Abbey.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_II_of_England>
1918:
First World War: The British Royal Navy conducted a raid on the
Belgian port of Bruges-Zeebrugge
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeebrugge_Raid>
1985:
The Coca-Cola Company introduced "New Coke" to replace its
flagship soft drink Coca-Cola, which generated so much negative response
that the company put the previous formula back on the market less than
three months later.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Coke>
2009:
Gamma-ray burst GRB 090423 was detected, coming from the most
distant known astronomical object of any kind at the time.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRB_090423>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
bardolator:
(usually pejorative) One who loves or worships the works of William
Shakespeare.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bardolator>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Science cannot solve the ultimate mystery of nature. And that is
because, in the last analysis, we ourselves are a part of the mystery
that we are trying to solve.
--Max Planck
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Max_Planck>
SM U-66 was the lead ship of the Type U-66 U-boats (submarines) for the
German Imperial Navy during World War I. The submarine had been laid
down in November 1913 by Germaniawerft of Kiel for the Austro-Hungarian
Navy, who then sold the entire class to the German Imperial Navy after
the outbreak of war appeared to make delivery to the Adriatic
impossible. Redesigned and reconstructed to German specifications, U-66
was launched in April 1915 and commissioned in July. The boat was 228
feet (69 m) long and was armed with five torpedo tubes and a deck gun.
As a part of the Baltic and 4th Flotillas, U-66 sank 24 ships with a
combined gross register tonnage of 69,967 in six war patrols. After
reporting her position in the North Sea on 3 September 1917, neither the
U-boat nor any of her 40-man crew were ever heard from again. A postwar
German study offered no explanation for her loss, although British
records suggest that she may have struck a mine in the Dogger Bank area.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SM_U-66>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1519:
Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés established a settlement
in Mexico, naming it "Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz" ("Rich village of the
True Cross").
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veracruz_(city)>
1864:
The U.S. Congress passed the Coinage Act, authorizing the
minting of a two-cent coin, the first U.S. coin to bear the phrase "In
God we trust".
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_God_we_trust>
1930:
France, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States
signed the London Naval Treaty, regulating submarine warfare and
limiting military ship building.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Naval_Treaty>
1951:
Korean War: The People's Volunteer Army of China attacked
positions occupied mainly by Australian and Canadian forces, starting
the Battle of Kapyong.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Kapyong>
1983:
The West German news magazine Stern published excerpts from
what purported to be the diaries of Adolf Hitler, which were
subsequently revealed to be forgeries.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitler_Diaries>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
crosswordese:
The jargon of crossword puzzle answers, classically consisting of rare,
archaic, or dialectal words.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/crosswordese>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
We live in deeds, not years; in thoughts, not breaths; In
feelings, not in figures on a dial. We should count time by heart-
throbs. He most lives Who thinks most, feels the noblest, acts the best.
Life's but a means unto an end; that end Beginning, mean, and end to all
things, — God.
--Philip James Bailey
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Philip_James_Bailey>
The Seated Liberty dollar was a dollar coin designed by Mint Chief
Engraver Christian Gobrecht and struck by the United States Mint from
1840 to 1873. The coin's reverse features a heraldic eagle first seen on
coins in 1807, based on a design by late Mint Chief Engraver John Reich;
the coin's obverse is based on the Gobrecht dollar. "In God We Trust"
was added to the dollar in 1866 following its introduction to other US
coins earlier in the decade. In the final years of the series, there was
more silver produced in the US, and mintages increased. These were the
last dollar coins before the Coinage Act of 1873 temporarily ended their
production for American commerce and authorized the trade dollar for use
in foreign commerce. Representatives of silver interests were unhappy
when the metal's price dropped again in the mid-1870s; they advocated
the resumption of the free coinage of silver into legal tender. After
passage of the Bland-Allison Act in 1878, silver dollar production
resumed with the Morgan dollar.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seated_Liberty_dollar>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
900:
A debt was pardoned by the Datu of Tondo on the island of Luzon,
as inscribed on the Laguna Copperplate Inscription, the earliest known
written document found in the Philippines.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laguna_Copperplate_Inscription>
1782:
A city pillar was erected on Rattanakosin Island, located on
the eastern bank of the Chao Phraya River, an act considered the
founding of the city of Bangkok.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok>
1918:
Manfred von Richthofen, known as the "Red Baron", was shot down
and killed near Vaux-sur-Somme in France, after a career as the most
successful fighter pilot of World War I with 80 confirmed air combat
victories.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manfred_von_Richthofen>
1960:
Brasília, a planned city primarily designed by architect and
urban planner Lúcio Costa, was officially inaugurated, replacing Rio de
Janeiro as the capital of Brazil.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia>
1975:
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu resigned as President of South Vietnam,
and was replaced by Trần Văn Hương, as communist forces closed in
on victory.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_V%C4%83n_Thi%E1%BB%87u>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
overawe:
(transitive) To restrain, subdue, or control by awe; to cow.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/overawe>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Memory is not just the imprint of the past time upon us; it is
the keeper of what is meaningful for our deepest hopes and fears.
--Rollo May
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rollo_May>
Rhodotus is a genus of just one mushroom species, Rhodotus palmatus,
known as the rosy veincap or wrinkled peach. Typically found growing on
the stumps and logs of rotting hardwoods, mature specimens may usually
be identified by the pinkish color and the distinctive ridged and veined
surface of their rubbery caps, though the size, shape, and color can
vary depending on the quantity and shades of light received during
development. This uncommon species has been collected in eastern North
America, northern Africa, Europe, and Asia. Declining populations in
Europe have led to its appearance in over half of the European fungal
Red Lists of threatened species. First named Agaricus palmatus by
Bulliard in 1785, it was reclassified into several different genera
before becoming Rhodotus in 1926. The familial placement of the genus
Rhodotus within the order Agaricales has also been subject to dispute,
and the taxon has been transferred variously to the families
Amanitaceae, Entolomataceae, and Tricholomataceae. Molecular
phylogenetics analysis has helped determine that Rhodotus is most
closely related to genera in the Physalacriaceae.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodotus>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1792:
After Foreign Minister Charles François Dumouriez presented
the French Legislative Assembly with a long list of grievances against
Austria, France declared war to begin the French Revolutionary Wars.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars>
1818:
Four days after the Court of King's Bench in England upheld a
murder suspect's right to trial by battle in Ashford v Thornton, the
plaintiff declined to fight, allowing the defendant to go free.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashford_v_Thornton>
1914:
A fire and a gun battle between the Colorado National Guard and
striking coal miners in Ludlow, Colorado, led to 17 deaths in the Ludlow
Massacre.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludlow_Massacre>
1968:
Pierre Trudeau succeeded Lester B. Pearson as Prime Minister of
Canada.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau>
2010:
An explosion on Deepwater Horizon, an offshore oil rig in the
Gulf of Mexico, caused the largest accidental marine oil spill in the
history of the petroleum industry.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepwater_Horizon_explosion>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
capias:
(law) An arrest warrant; a writ commanding officers to take a specified
person or persons into custody.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/capias>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
When faith and hope fail, as they do sometimes, we must try
charity, which is love in action. We must speculate no more on our duty,
but simply do it. When we have done it, however blindly, perhaps Heaven
will show us why.
--Dinah Craik
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Dinah_Craik>