Angelina Jolie (born 1975) is an American actress, film director, and
screenwriter. She has received an Academy Award for Best Supporting
Actress (for her performance in the 1999 drama Girl, Interrupted), two
Screen Actors Guild Awards, and three Golden Globe Awards, and was named
Hollywood's highest-paid actress by Forbes in 2009 and 2011. Jolie
promotes humanitarian causes as a Special Envoy and former Goodwill
Ambassador for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. She
has often been cited as the world's "most beautiful" woman. Jolie made
her screen debut as a child alongside her father Jon Voight in Lookin'
to Get Out (1982). Her first leading role in a major film was in the
cyber-thriller Hackers (1995). She achieved wide fame after her
portrayal of video game heroine Lara Croft in Lara Croft: Tomb Raider
(2001), and received critical acclaim for her performances in the dramas
A Mighty Heart (2007) and Changeling (2008). She made her directorial
debut with the wartime drama In the Land of Blood and Honey (2011).
Divorced from actors Jonny Lee Miller and Billy Bob Thornton, Jolie now
lives with actor Brad Pitt, in a relationship notable for fervent media
attention.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelina_Jolie>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1269:
Louis IX of France imposed a fine of ten livres of silver on
Jews found in public without a yellow badge.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_badge>
1816:
The Hudson's Bay Company and the North West Company, rival fur-
trading companies, engaged in a violent confrontation in present-day
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Seven_Oaks>
1953:
Americans Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were executed as spies who
passed U.S. nuclear weapons secrets to the Soviet Union.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_and_Ethel_Rosenberg>
1991:
The last Red Army soldiers left Hungary, ending the Soviet
occupation.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_occupation_of_Hungary>
2009:
The War in Afghanistan: British forces began Operation
Panther's Claw, in which more than 350 troops made an aerial assault on
Taliban positions in Southern Afghanistan.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Panther%27s_Claw>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
salad dodger:
(informal) An overweight person.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/salad_dodger>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Is it not proven beyond all dispute that there is no limit to the
enormities which men will commit when they are once persuaded that they
are keepers of other men's consciences? To spread religion by any means,
and to crush heresy by all means is the practical inference from the
doctrine that one man may control another's religion. Given the duty of
a state to foster some one form of faith, and by the sure inductions of
our nature slowly but certainly persecution will occur. To prevent for
ever the possibility of Papists roasting Protestants, Anglicans hanging
Romish priests, and Puritans flogging Quakers, let every form of state-
churchism be utterly abolished, and the remembrance of the long curse
which it has cast upon the world be blotted out for ever.
--Charles Spurgeon
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles_Spurgeon>
A midshipman is an officer cadet or a commissioned officer of the junior
most rank, in the Royal Navy, United States Navy, and many Commonwealth
navies. In the 17th century, a midshipman was a rating for an
experienced seaman, and the word derives from the area aboard a ship,
amidships, where he worked or was berthed. Beginning in the 18th
century, a commissioned officer candidate was rated as a midshipman, and
the seaman rating began to slowly die out. By the Napoleonic era
(1793–1815), a midshipman (pictured) was an apprentice officer who had
previously served at least three years as a volunteer, officer's servant
or able seaman, and was roughly equivalent to a present day petty
officer in rank and responsibilities. After serving at least three years
as a midshipman, he was eligible to take the examination for lieutenant.
Midshipmen in the US Navy were trained and served similarly to those in
the Royal Navy, although a midshipman was a warrant officer rank until
1912. During the 19th century, changes in naval officer training in the
Royal Navy and the US Navy replaced apprenticeship aboard ships with
schooling in a naval college, and "midshipman" began to mean an officer
cadet.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midshipman>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
618:
Li Yuan became Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries
of the Tang Dynasty in China.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_Dynasty>
1053:
Humphrey of Hauteville led the armies of the Normans in the
Battle of Civitate against the combined forces of Pope Leo IX and the
Holy Roman Empire.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Civitate>
1858:
Charles Darwin received a manuscript by fellow naturalist
Alfred Russel Wallace on natural selection, which prompted Darwin to
publish his theory of evolution.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace>
1983:
Aboard Space Shuttle Challenger, astronaut Sally Ride became
the first American woman in space.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sally_Ride>
1994:
The Troubles: Members of the loyalist Ulster Volunteer Force
attacked a crowded bar in Loughinisland, Northern Ireland, with assault
rifles, killing six.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loughinisland_massacre>
2012:
Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud was appointed crown prince of
Saudi Arabia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
chiaroscuro:
An artistic technique developed during the Renaissance, referring to the
use of exaggerated light contrasts in order to create the illusion of
volume.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/chiaroscuro>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
A plot is about things that happen. A story is about people who
behave. To admire a story you must be willing to listen to the people
and observe them.
--Roger Ebert
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Roger_Ebert>
Lynn Hill (born 1961) is an American rock climber. Widely regarded as
one of the leading competitive sport climbers in the world during the
late 1980s and early 1990s, she made the first ascent without aid of the
difficult sheer rock face of The Nose on El Capitan in Yosemite Valley
and the first free ascent in 24 hours. Hill shaped rock climbing for
women and became a public spokesperson, helping it gain wider popularity
and arguing for gender equity. She has publicized climbing by appearing
on television shows and documentaries and writing an autobiography,
Climbing Free: My Life in the Vertical World. She took to climbing at a
young age and became a part of the climbing community in Southern
California and Camp 4 in Yosemite Valley. During the early 1980s, she
traveled around the United States, climbing increasingly difficult
routes and setting records not only for first female ascents but also
for first ascents. From 1986 to 1992 she won over thirty international
titles, including five victories at the Arco Rock Master; she left
competitive climbing in 1992. She has been described as both one of the
best female climbers in the world and one of the best climbers of all
time.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynn_Hill>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1579:
Explorer Francis Drake landed in a region of present-day
California, naming it New Albion and claiming it for England.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Albion>
1843:
New Zealand Wars: An armed posse of Europeans set out from
Nelson to arrest Ngāti Toa chief Te Rauparaha and clashed with Māori,
resulting in 26 deaths.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wairau_Affray>
1900:
Boxer Rebellion: Allied naval forces captured the Taku Forts
after a brief but bloody battle.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Dagu_Forts_(1900)>
1972:
Five men were arrested for attempted burglary on the offices of
the Democratic National Committee in the Watergate complex in
Washington, D.C., igniting the Watergate scandal that ultimately led to
the resignation of U.S. President Richard Nixon more than two years
later.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watergate_complex>
1982:
The body of Italian banker Roberto Calvi, known as "God's
Banker" due to his close association with the Vatican, was found hanging
from scaffolding beneath London's Blackfriars Bridge.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Calvi>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
postilion:
A rider mounted on the near, leading horse pulling a carriage who guides
the team.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/postilion>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The global community has become irreversibly interdependent, with
the constant movement of people, ideas, goods and resources. In such a
world, we must combat terrorism with an infectious security culture that
crosses borders — an inclusive approach to security based on
solidarity and the value of human life. In such a world, weapons of mass
destruction have no place.
--Mohamed ElBaradei
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Mohamed_ElBaradei>
The Aylesbury duck is a large white breed of domesticated duck. Raising
white ducks became popular in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England in the
18th century owing to the demand for white feathers as a filler for
quilts. Over the 19th century selective breeding for size, shape and
colour led to the Aylesbury duck. The opening of a railway to Aylesbury
in 1839 gave access to the markets of London, making rearing Aylesbury
ducks highly profitable. By the beginning of the 20th century
competition from the Pekin duck, inbreeding and disease in the pure-bred
Aylesbury strain and the rising cost of duck food meant the Aylesbury
duck industry was in decline; the two world wars further damaged the
industry. By the 1950s only one significant flock of Aylesbury ducks
remained in Buckinghamshire, and by 1966 there were no duck breeding or
rearing businesses of any size remaining in Aylesbury itself. Although
there is only one surviving flock of pure Aylesbury ducks in the United
Kingdom and the breed is critically endangered in the United States, the
Aylesbury duck remains a symbol of the town, and appears on its coat of
arms and on the club badge of Aylesbury United.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aylesbury_duck>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1407 - During the Ming–Hồ War, the Chinese Ming armies captured Hồ
Quý Ly and his sons, thus ending the Vietnamese Ho dynasty.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming%E2%80%93H%E1%BB%93_War>
1815:
Napoleonic Wars: French Marshal Michel Ney earned a strategic
victory against the Anglo-Dutch army in the Battle of Quatre Bras.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Quatre_Bras>
1883:
Over 180 out of 1,100 children died in the Victoria Hall
disaster in Sunderland, England, when they stampeded down the stairs to
collect gifts from the entertainers after the end of a variety show.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_Hall_disaster>
1967:
The first widely promoted and heavily attended rock festival,
the Monterey Pop Festival, began in Monterey, California.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterey_Pop_Festival>
2010:
Bhutan became the first country to institute a total ban on
tobacco.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobacco_Control_Act_of_Bhutan_2010>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
abeyance:
1. (law) Expectancy; condition of being undetermined; undetermined
ownership.
2. Suspension; temporary suppression.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/abeyance>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Values exist in a transcendental realm, beyond space and time.
They can neither be fought for, nor destroyed.
--Enoch Powell
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Enoch_Powell>
Atlantis: The Lost Empire is the first science fiction film in Disney's
animated features canon and the 41st overall. Set in 1914, the film
tells the story of a young man who gains possession of a sacred book,
which he believes will guide him and a crew of adventurers to the lost
city of Atlantis. Linguist Marc Okrand created an Atlantean language for
the film (letter "A" pictured). Atlantis made greater use of computer-
generated imagery than any of Disney's previous animated features; it
remains one of the few to have been shot in anamorphic format. Atlantis,
which adopted the distinctive visual style of comic book creator Mike
Mignola, is one of the few Disney animated features not to have songs.
The film premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood, California,
on June 3, 2001, and went into general release on June 15. Due to the
film's poorer-than-expected box-office performance, Disney quietly
canceled both a spin-off television series and an underwater attraction
at its Disneyland theme park. Some critics praised it as a unique
departure from typical Disney animated features, while others disliked
it due to the unclear target audience and absence of songs.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantis:_The_Lost_Empire>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1215:
King John of England put his seal to Magna Carta.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Carta>
1878:
Eadweard Muybridge took a series of photographs to prove that
all four feet of a horse leave the ground when it runs (animation
pictured); the study became the basis of motion pictures.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sallie_Gardner_at_a_Gallop>
1919:
After nearly 16 hours, the Vickers Vimy flown by John Alcock
and Arthur Whitten Brown crash-landed in County Galway, Ireland, to
complete the first non-stop transatlantic flight.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transatlantic_flight_of_Alcock_and_Brown>
1978:
King Hussein of Jordan married American Lisa Halaby, who became
known as Queen Noor of Jordan.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Noor_of_Jordan>
2001:
Leaders of the People's Republic of China, Russia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan formed the Shanghai Cooperation
Organisation.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
encapsulate:
1. To cover something as if in a capsule.
2. To epitomize something by expressing it as a brief summary.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/encapsulate>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Someday, maybe, there will exist a well-informed, well considered
and yet fervent public conviction that the most deadly of all possible
sins is the mutilation of a child’s spirit; for such mutilation
undercuts the life principle of trust, without which every human act,
may it feel ever so good and seem ever so right is prone to perversion
by destructive forms of conscientiousness.
--Erik Erikson
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Erik_Erikson>
In the United Kingdom, representative peers were elected by the members
of the Peerage of Scotland and the Peerage of Ireland to sit in the
British House of Lords. The system was introduced in 1707, when England
and Scotland became the Kingdom of Great Britain (Act of Union 1707
pictured). At the time, there were 168 English and 154 Scottish peers,
but the English population was roughly five times greater than that of
Scotland. The English peers feared that the House of Lords would be
swamped, and arranged for the election of a small number of Scottish
peers. A similar arrangement was adopted when the Kingdom of Great
Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland merged into the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland in 1801. Scotland elected 16 representative
peers, who sat for the duration of a Parliament, while Ireland elected
28, who sat for life. Elections for Irish peers ceased when the Irish
Free State gained independence in 1922, although already-elected Irish
peers were entitled to sit until their death; the last was the 4th Earl
of Kilmorey, who died in 1961. Elections for Scottish peers ended in
1963, when they all obtained the right to sit in the House of Lords.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representative_peer>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1285:
Forces led by Prince Tran Quang Khai of Vietnam's Tran Dynasty
destroyed most of the invading Mongol naval fleet in a battle at Chuong
Duong.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tran_Quang_Khai>
1800:
War of the Second Coalition: In the Battle of Marengo,
Napoleonic forces secured victory over the Habsburgs when defeat had
appeared inevitable until the arrival of French troops led by Louis
Desaix.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Marengo>
1940:
World War II: Four days after the French government fled Paris,
German forces occupied the French capital (pictured), essentially ending
the Battle of France.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_France>
1966:
The Vatican formally abolished its 427-year-old list of
prohibited books.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_Librorum_Prohibitorum>
1985:
The Schengen Agreement, a treaty to abolish systematic border
controls between participating European countries, was signed between
five of the ten member states of the European Economic Community.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schengen_Agreement>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
vexillology:
The study of flags.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vexillology>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Each time I think I've made a connection with someone... once
they find out what I can do, whether it's hours or days later,
everything changes. Invariably they freak. They get retroactively
paranoid, wondering what else Clark Kent is hiding from them.
--Superman: Birthright
<https://en.wikiquote.org//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superman:_Birthright>
The Isabella quarter was a United States commemorative coin struck in
1893, and is the only U.S. commemorative quarter that was not intended
for circulation. It was authorized by Congress at the request of the
Board of Lady Managers of the World's Columbian Exposition. The Board
wanted a woman to design it, but the sculptor Caroline Peddle left the
project after disagreements with Bureau of the Mint officials, who then
decided to have the Mint's Chief Engraver Charles E. Barber do the work.
The coin depicts Queen Isabella of Spain, who sponsored Columbus's
voyages to the New World. The reverse, showing a kneeling woman winding
flax, symbolizes women's industry. The quarter's design was deprecated
in the numismatic press. The coins did not sell well at the Exposition;
its price of $1 was the same as for the Columbian half dollar and the
quarter was seen as the worse deal. Nearly half of the authorized issue
was returned to the Mint to be melted; thousands more were purchased at
face value by the Lady Managers and entered the coin market in the early
20th century. Today, they are popular with collectors and valued in the
hundreds to thousands of dollars.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_quarter>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1525:
Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora, against the celibacy
discipline decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for priests.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katharina_von_Bora>
1805:
The Lewis and Clark Expedition became the first European
Americans to sight the Great Falls of the Missouri River.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Falls_(Missouri_River)>
1970:
"The Long and Winding Road" became The Beatles' twentieth and
final number one single in the United States.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Long_and_Winding_Road>
1983:
Pioneer 10 (Pioneer plaque pictured) passed the orbit of
Neptune, becoming the first man-made object to travel beyond the known
planets of the Solar System.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer_10>
2007:
Former Iraqi government official Haitham al-Badri orchestrated
a second bombing of the al-Askari Mosque, one of the holiest sites in
Shia Islam.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_al-Askari_Mosque_bombing>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
soundly:
In a thorough manner; in manner free of defect or deficiency.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/soundly>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Man can embody truth but he cannot know it.
--William Butler Yeats
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/William_Butler_Yeats>
Fomitiporia ellipsoidea is a species of polypore fungus in the family
Hymenochaetaceae, a specimen of which produced the largest fungal fruit
body ever recorded. Found in China, the fruit bodies produced by the
species are brown, woody basidiocarps that feed on dead wood and can
grow very large under favourable circumstances. They measure 30
centimetres (12 in) or more in length, though typically extending less
than a centimetre from the surface of the wood. A number of chemical
compounds have been isolated from the species, including several
steroidal compounds. These may have pharmacological applications, but
further research is needed. The species was first recorded in 2008 by
Bao-Kai Cui and Yu-Cheng Dai in Fujian Province; it was revealed in 2011
that they had found a very large fruit body, measuring up to 1,085 cm
(427 in) in length, on Hainan Island. The specimen (pictured), which
was 20 years old, was estimated to weigh between 400 and 500 kilograms
(880 and 1,100 lb). This was markedly larger than the previous record
holder, a specimen of Rigidoporus ulmarius found in the United Kingdom,
which had a circumference of 425 cm (167 in).
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fomitiporia_ellipsoidea>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1776:
The Fifth Virginia Convention adopted a declaration of rights,
a hugely influential document that proclaimed the inherent rights of
men.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Declaration_of_Rights>
1889:
Runaway passenger carriages collided with a following train
near Armagh, present-day Northern Ireland, killing 80 people.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armagh_rail_disaster>
1954:
Pope Pius XII canonised Dominic Savio, who was 14 years old
when he died, to make him the youngest non-martyr saint in the Roman
Catholic Church.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominic_Savio>
1963:
African American civil rights activist Medgar Evers was
murdered by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medgar_Evers>
1999:
In the aftermath of the bombing of Yugoslavia and the Kosovo
War, the NATO-led Kosovo Force (German Army armoured vehicle pictured)
entered Kosovo with a mandate of establishing a secure environment in
the territory.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovo_Force>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
make shift:
(dated) To contrive; to invent a way of surmounting a difficulty.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/make_shift>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Life is not to be told, call it as loud as you like, it will not
tell itself.
--Djuna Barnes
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes>
The 1998 Pacific hurricane season was a moderately active Pacific
hurricane season with seven tropical cyclones directly affecting land.
The first tropical cyclone developed on June 11, which was about ten
days later than the normal start of the season. The final storm of the
year, Hurricane Madeline (pictured), dissipated on October 20. Storm
activity in the Central Pacific Ocean was low, with just one tropical
depression forming in the basin. Two tropical cyclones from the Eastern
Pacific, Darby and Estelle, also entered the central Pacific, with the
former entering as a hurricane. The season produced 13 named storms,
which was slightly below the average of 16 named storms per season.
However, the total of nine hurricanes during the season was equal to the
average, and the total of six major hurricanes surpassed the average.
The most notable tropical cyclone of the year was Hurricane Isis which
killed fourteen people when it made landfall on southern Baja California
and coastal Sinaloa in Mexico. Tropical Storm Javier also made landfall
on Mexico and a tropical cyclone, Hurricane Lester, affected Central
America, causing two deaths in Guatemala.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Pacific_hurricane_season>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1775:
The Battle of Machias, the first naval engagement of the
American Revolutionary War, took place in and around the port of Machias
in what is now eastern Maine.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Machias>
1847:
Afonso died at age two, leaving his father Pedro II, the last
emperor of Brazil, without a male heir.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afonso,_Prince_Imperial_of_Brazil>
1956:
The six-day Gal Oya riots, the first ethnic riots targeting the
minority Sri Lankan Tamils in post-independent Sri Lanka, began,
eventually resulting in the deaths of at least 150 people and 100
injuries.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal_Oya_riots>
1963:
The University of Alabama was desegregated as Governor of
Alabama George Wallace stepped aside after defiantly blocking the
entrance to an auditorium.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stand_in_the_Schoolhouse_Door>
1963:
Vietnamese monk Thich Quang Duc burned himself to death in
Saigon to protest the persecution of Buddhists by South Vietnamese
President Ngo Dinh Diem's administration.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thich_Quang_Duc>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
piece together:
1. To physically assemble (or reassemble) from fragments or pieces.
2. (figuratively) To reconstruct an event or goal from incomplete or flawed
elements.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/piece_together>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The great vice of the present day is bravura, an attempt to do
something beyond the truth. In endeavouring to do something better than
well, they do what in reality is good for nothing. Fashion always had, &
will have, its day — but truth (in all things) only will last, and can
only have just claims on posterity
--John Constable
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/John_Constable>
The Youngstown Ohio Works baseball team was a minor league club that was
known for winning the premier championship of the Ohio–Pennsylvania
League in 1905, and for launching the professional career of pitcher Roy
Castleton a year later (second row, second from left, in a 1906 team
photograph). A training ground for several players and officials who
later established careers in Major League Baseball, the team proved a
formidable regional competitor and also won the 1906 league
championship. During its brief span of activity, the Ohio Works team
faced challenges that reflected common difficulties within the
Ohio–Pennsylvania League, including weak financial support for teams.
Following a dispute over funding, the team's owners sold the club to
outside investors, just a few months before the opening of the
1907 season. The club's strong record and regional visibility spurred
the growth of amateur and minor league baseball in the Youngstown area,
and the community's minor league teams produced notable players
throughout the first half of the 20th century.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youngstown_Ohio_Works>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1190:
The Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowned in the
Saleph River in Anatolia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor>
1838:
More than 25 Australian Aborigines were massacred near
Inverell, New South Wales.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myall_Creek_massacre>
1925:
The United Church of Canada, the country's largest Protestant
church, held its inaugural service in Toronto's Mutual Street Arena.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Church_of_Canada>
1935:
American physician Bob Smith had his last alcoholic drink,
marking the traditional founding date of Alcoholics Anonymous.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholics_Anonymous>
1991:
Eleven-year-old Jaycee Lee Dugard was kidnapped in South Lake
Tahoe, California; she would remain a captive until 2009.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidnapping_of_Jaycee_Lee_Dugard>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
white whale:
1. A cetacean, Delphinapterus leucas.
2. (figuratively) An obsession; monomania.
3. (trading cards) A printing plate, for a sports card, that is then issued
as a collectible itself.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/white_whale>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Love is a fire that burns unseen, A wound that aches yet isn't
felt, An always discontent contentment, A pain that rages without
hurting, A longing for nothing but to long, A loneliness in the midst of
people, A never feeling pleased when pleased, A passion that gains when
lost in thought.
--Luís de Camões
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_de_Cam%C3%B5es>