Youngstown is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and is the county seat of
Mahoning County. It also extends into Trumbull County. The municipality
is on the Mahoning River, approximately 65 miles (105 km) southeast of
Cleveland and 61 miles (100 km) northwest of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Youngstown lies 10 miles (16 km) west of the Pennsylvania state line,
midway between New York City and Chicago via Interstate 80. The city was
named for John Young, an early settler from Whitestown, New York, who
established the community's first sawmill and gristmill. Youngstown is
in a region of the United States that is often referred to as the Rust
Belt. Traditionally known as a center of steel production, Youngstown
was forced to redefine itself when the U.S. steel industry fell into
decline in the 1970s, leaving communities throughout the region without
a major industry. Youngstown also falls within the Appalachian Ohio
region, situated amongst the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains. The
2010 census showed that Youngstown had a total population of 66,982,
making it Ohio's ninth largest city.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youngstown,_Ohio>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1700:
Great Northern War: Swedish forces led by King Charles XII
defeated the Russian army of Tsar Peter the Great at the Battle of
Narva.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Narva_(1700)>
1853:
Russian battleships led by Pavel Nakhimov destroyed an Ottoman
fleet of frigates at the Battle of Sinop, precipitating the Crimean War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_War>
1934:
The steam locomotive Flying Scotsman became the first to
officially exceed 100 miles per hour (160 km/h).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LNER_Class_A3_4472_Flying_Scotsman>
1979:
The Wall, a rock opera and concept album by Pink Floyd, was
first released.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall>
2007:
Swami Rambhadracharya, a Hindu religious leader, released the
first Braille version of the Bhagavad Gita scripture.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
diapir:
(geology) An intrusion of a ductile rock into an overburden.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/diapir>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Satire is a sort of glass, wherein beholders do generally discover
everybody's face but their own.
--Jonathan Swift
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jonathan_Swift>
The Cologne War (1583–88) devastated the Electorate of Cologne, a
historical ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire,
present-day North Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany. The war occurred within
the context of the Protestant Reformation in Germany and the subsequent
Counter-Reformation, and concurrently with the Dutch Revolt and the
French Wars of Religion. The conflict tested the principle of
ecclesiastical reservation, which had been included in the religious
Peace of Augsburg (1555). This principle excluded, or "reserved", the
ecclesiastical territories of the Holy Roman Empire from the application
of cuius regio, eius religio, or "who rules, his religion", as the
primary means to determine the religion of a territory. The conflict
coincided with the Dutch Revolt, 1568–1648, encouraging participation
of the rebellious Dutch provinces and the Spanish. The Cologne War
caused the consolidation of Wittelsbach authority in northwestern German
territories and in a Catholic revival on the lower Rhine. Importantly,
it also set a precedent for outside intervention in German religious and
dynastic conflicts.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cologne_War>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1729:
Natchez Indians suddenly revolted against French colonists near
modern-day Natchez, Mississippi, US, killing over 240 people.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natchez_Massacre>
1776:
American Revolutionary War: British reinforcements brought an
end to the Patriot attempt to capture Fort Cumberland in Nova Scotia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Cumberland>
1899:
FC Barcelona, one of the most successful clubs in Spanish
football, was founded by Swiss football pioneer Joan Gamper.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FC_Barcelona>
1972:
Atari released Pong (screenshot pictured), one of the first
video games to achieve widespread popularity in both the arcade and home
console markets.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pong>
1987:
Korean Air Flight 858 exploded over the Andaman Sea after two
North Korean agents left a time bomb in an overhead compartment, killing
all 115 people on board.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_Air_Flight_858>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
sanguinolent:
Containing or tinged with blood.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sanguinolent>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Some people talk as if meeting the gaze of absolute goodness would be
fun. They need to think again. They are still only playing with
religion. Goodness is either the great safety or the great danger —
according to the way you react to it.
--C. S. Lewis
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/C._S._Lewis>
Russula emetica, commonly known as the sickener, emetic Russula, or
vomiting Russula, is a basidiomycete mushroom, and the type species of
the genus Russula. It has a red, convex to flat cap up to 8.5 cm
(3.3 in) in diameter, with a cuticle that can be peeled off almost to
the centre. The gills are white to pale cream, and closely spaced. A
smooth white stem measures up to 10.5 cm (4.1 in) long and 2.4 cm
(0.9 in) thick. First described in 1774, the mushroom has a wide
distribution in the Northern Hemisphere, where it grows on the ground in
damp woodlands in a mycorrhizal association with conifers, especially
pine. The mushroom's common names refer to the gastrointestinal distress
they cause when consumed raw. The flesh is extremely peppery, but this
offensive taste, along with its toxicity, can be removed by parboiling
or pickling. Although it used to be widely eaten in Russia and eastern
European countries, it is generally not recommended for consumption.
There are many similar Russula species that have a red cap with white
stem and gills, some of which can be reliably distinguished from
R. emetica only by microscopic characteristics.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russula_emetica>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1660:
At London's Gresham College, Robert Boyle, John Wilkins,
Christopher Wren and other leading scientists founded a learned society
now known as the Royal Society (coat of arms pictured).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Society>
1920:
Thirty-six local Irish Republican Army volunteers killed
seventeen members of the Auxiliary Division of the Royal Irish
Constabulary, marking a turning point in the Irish War of Independence.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilmichael_Ambush>
1971:
Fred Quilt, a leader of the Tsilhqot'in First Nation, was
severely beaten by Royal Canadian Mounted Police constables.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Quilt_inquiry>
1979:
Air New Zealand Flight 901 crashed into Antarctica's Mount
Erebus, killing all 257 people on board.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_New_Zealand_Flight_901>
2002:
Suicide bombers blew up an Israeli-owned hotel in Mombasa,
Kenya, but their colleagues failed in their attempt to bring down an
Arkia Israel Airlines charter flight with surface-to-air-missiles.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Mombasa_attacks>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
ohnosecond:
(humorous) The fraction of time between making a mistake and realizing
it.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ohnosecond>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
We are the light inside light that fuses into the atoms of our bodies;
we are the fire that whirls across the stellar deeps and dances all
things into being.
--David Zindell
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/David_Zindell>
Kappa Kappa Psi is a coeducational fraternity for college and university
band members. The fraternity was founded on November 27, 1919, at
Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College in Stillwater, Oklahoma, by
ten band members led by William A. Scroggs and Professor Bohumil
Makovsky, and was incorporated on March 5, 1920. Since its founding,
Kappa Kappa Psi has established several programs for the betterment of
college bands and band music, including the National Intercollegiate
Band, a band that has performed at every national convention of the
fraternity since 1947; and the Commissioning Program, which has
contributed dozens of works to the band repertoire as a national project
and hundreds more from local chapter commissions. The fraternity holds a
close relationship with its sister sorority, Tau Beta Sigma. More than
66,000 men and women have been initiated into Kappa Kappa Psi since
1919, including United States President Bill Clinton, John Philip Sousa,
Neil Armstrong, and Dizzy Gillespie.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kappa_Kappa_Psi>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
511:
Upon the death of Clovis, King of the Franks, Gaul was divided
among his four sons: Theuderic, Chlodomer, Childebert, and Chlothar.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I>
1727:
The foundation stone of Jerusalem's Church in Berlin was laid.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem%27s_Church>
1940:
Second World War: At the Battle of Cape Spartivento, the Royal
Navy engaged the Regia Marina near Sicily.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Spartivento>
1978:
San Francisco mayor George Moscone and openly gay supervisor
Harvey Milk were assassinated by supervisor Dan White.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscone%E2%80%93Milk_assassinations>
2009:
A bomb exploded under a high-speed train travelling between
Moscow and Saint Petersburg derailing it, killing 28 passengers and
injuring 95 more.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Nevsky_Express_bombing>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
uberly:
(informal) Significantly; very, very much; extremely.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/uberly>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The brain is waking and with it the mind is returning. It is as if the
Milky Way entered upon some cosmic dance. Swiftly the head mass becomes
an enchanted loom where millions of flashing shuttles weave a dissolving
pattern, always a meaningful pattern though never an abiding one; a
shifting harmony of subpatterns. Now as the waking body rouses,
subpatterns of this great harmony of activity stretch down into the
unlit tracks of the stalk-piece of the scheme. Strings of flashing and
travelling sparks engage the lengths of it. This means that the body is
up and rises to meet its waking day.
--Charles Scott Sherrington
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles_Scott_Sherrington>
Betelgeuse is the eighth brightest star in the night sky and second
brightest in the constellation of Orion, only rarely outshining Rigel.
It is a distinctly reddish, semiregular variable star whose apparent
magnitude varies between 0.2 and 1.2, the widest range of any first-
magnitude star. Betelgeuse's name is thought to be derived from the
Arabic يد الجوزاء Yad al-Jauzā' meaning "the Hand of al-
Jauzā'", i.e., Orion. It is classified as a red supergiant of spectral
type M2Iab and is one of the largest and most luminous known stars. If
positioned at the center of the Solar System, its surface would extend
past the asteroid belt, possibly beyond the orbit of Jupiter, at least
wholly engulfing Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. Less than 10 million
years old, Betelgeuse has evolved rapidly due to its high mass. Ejected
from its birthplace in the Orion OB1 Association, this crimson runaway
has been observed moving through the interstellar medium supersonically
at a speed of 30 km/sec, creating a bow shock over 4 light-years wide.
Now in a late stage of stellar evolution, the supergiant is expected to
proceed through its life cycle before exploding as a type II supernova
within the next million years.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betelgeuse>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1805:
The Pontcysyllte Aqueduct, the longest and highest aqueduct in
Great Britain, opened.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontcysyllte_Aqueduct>
1917:
Unable to resolve disputes with Eddie Livingstone, owner of the
Toronto Blueshirts, the other ice hockey clubs of Canada's National
Hockey Association officially agreed to leave that sports league and to
form a new one: the National Hockey League.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Hockey_League>
1922:
Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon became the first people to
enter the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun in over 3,000 years.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV62>
1983:
Six robbers broke into the Brink's-MAT warehouse at London
Heathrow Airport and stole three tonnes of gold bullion, much of which
has never been recovered.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brink%27s-MAT_robbery>
2011:
U.S.-led NATO forces engaged Pakistani security forces at two
Pakistani military checkposts along the Afghanistan–Pakistan border in
a friendly fire incident.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_NATO_attack_in_Pakistan>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
frounce:
1. To curl.
2. To crease, wrinkle.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/frounce>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
I know nothing of man's rights, or woman's rights; human rights are all
that I recognise.
--Sarah Grimké
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Sarah_Grimk%C3%A9>
The Grey Cup is the name of both the championship game of the Canadian
Football League (CFL) and the trophy awarded to the victorious team. It
is contested between the winners of the CFL's East and West Divisional
playoffs and is one of Canadian television's largest annual sporting
events. It was commissioned by Governor General Albert Grey, 4th Earl
Grey, to serve as the national championship of Canadian football. The
trophy has been broken several times, stolen twice, held for ransom and
survived a fire. The University of Toronto won the inaugural title in
1909. Typically played in late November, inclement weather has
periodically impacted the Grey Cup game, notably the 1962 "Fog Bowl"
when the contest was postponed due to a lack of visibility. The Toronto
Argonauts have the most Grey Cup victories with 15, while the Edmonton
Eskimos formed the longest dynasty with five consecutive titles between
1978 and 1982. Competition for the Grey Cup has been limited exclusively
to Canadian teams, except for a brief period in the 1990s which saw the
Baltimore Stallions become the only American Grey Cup champion in 1995.
The 100th Grey Cup is being held in Toronto in 2012.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_Cup>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1120:
William Adelin, the only legitimate son of King Henry I of
England, drowned in the White Ship Disaster, leading to a succession
crisis which would bring down the Norman monarchy of England.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Ship>
1795:
Stanisław August Poniatowski, the last King of Poland, was
forced to abdicate after the Third Partition of the Polish–Lithuanian
Commonwealth by Austria, Prussia, and Russia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_August_Poniatowski>
1936:
Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan signed the Anti-Comintern
Pact, agreeing that if the Soviet Union attacked one of them, they would
consult each other on what measures to take "to safeguard their common
interests".
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Comintern_Pact>
1952:
Korean War: After 42 days of fighting, the Battle of Triangle
Hill ended as American and South Korean units abandoned their attempt to
capture the "Iron Triangle".
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Triangle_Hill>
2009:
Freak rains caused devastating flooding in Jeddah, Saudi
Arabia, killing 122 people and stranding thousands of Hajj pilgrims.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Jeddah_floods>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
weir:
1. An adjustable dam placed across a river to regulate the flow of water
downstream.
2. A fence placed across a river to catch fish.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/weir>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
You have your thoughts and I have mine. This is the fact and you can't
change it even if you kill me.
--Ba Jin
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ba_Jin>
RAF Northolt is a Royal Air Force station situated in South Ruislip,
2 NM (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) east by northeast of Uxbridge in the London
Borough of Hillingdon, West London. Approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) north
of London Heathrow Airport, the station also handles a large number of
private civil flights; its location near to the A40 road link with
central London and close proximity to Ruislip Gardens tube station has
also made it popular with business people and politicians. Northolt has
one runway in operation, spanning 1,684 m × 46 m (5,525 ft
× 151 ft), with a grooved asphalt surface. Originally established for
the Royal Flying Corps, it has the longest history of continuous use of
any RAF airfield. Before the outbreak of the Second World War, the
station was the first to take delivery of the Hawker Hurricane. The
station played a key role during the Battle of Britain, when fighters
from several of its units, including No. 303 Polish Fighter Squadron,
engaged enemy aircraft as part of the defence of London. More recently
the station has become the hub of British military flying operations in
the London area. RAF squadrons, including No. 32 (The Royal) Squadron
are based at RAF Northolt.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAF_Northolt>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1227:
High Duke of Poland Leszek I the White was assassinated during
a diet of the Piast dukes.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leszek_I_the_White>
1642:
A Dutch expedition led by Abel Tasman reached present-day
Tasmania, Australia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel_Tasman>
1863:
American Civil War: As part of the Chattanooga Campaign in
Chattanooga, Tennessee, Union forces captured Lookout Mountain, helping
them to begin breaking the Confederate siege of the city.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lookout_Mountain>
1922:
Irish Civil War: Author and Irish nationalist Robert Erskine
Childers was executed by the Irish Free State for illegally carrying a
semi-automatic pistol.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Erskine_Childers>
1976:
The Çaldıran-Muradiye earthquake in eastern Turkey killed at
least 4,000 people.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976_%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran-Muradiye_earthquake>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
scriptorium:
A room set aside for the copying, writing, or illuminating of
manuscripts and records, especially such a room in a monastery.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/scriptorium>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
As men's habits of mind differ, so that some more readily embrace one
form of faith, some another, for what moves one to pray may move another
to scoff, I conclude ... that everyone should be free to choose for
himself the foundations of his creed, and that faith should be judged
only by its fruits; each would then obey God freely with his whole
heart, while nothing would be publicly honoured save justice and
charity.
--Baruch Spinoza
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza>
Microsoft Security Essentials is an antivirus software product that
provides protection against different types of malware such as computer
viruses, spyware, rootkits and Trojan horses. It runs on Windows XP,
Windows Vista and Windows 7, but not on Windows 8, which has a built-in
AV component. The license agreement allows home users and small
businesses to install and use the product free of charge. It replaces
Windows Live OneCare, a discontinued commercial subscription-based AV
service, and the free Windows Defender, which until Windows 8 only
protected users from adware and spyware. Built upon the same virus
definitions and scanning engine as other Microsoft antivirus products,
MSE provides real-time protection, constantly monitoring activities on
the computer and scanning new files as they are downloaded or created
and disabling detected threats. The product received generally positive
reviews praising its user interface, low resource usage and freeware
license. It passed secured AV-TEST.org certification, having
demonstrated its ability to eliminate all widely encountered malware.
According to a March 2012 report by anti-malware specialist OPSWAT, MSE
was the most popular AV product in North America and the second most
popular in the world.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Security_Essentials>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1876:
William "Boss" Tweed (pictured), a New York City politician who
had been arrested for embezzlement, was handed to US authorities after
having escaped from prison to Spain.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_M._Tweed>
1924:
Edwin Hubble's discovery that Andromeda, previously believed to
be a nebula, is actually another galaxy, and that the Milky Way is only
one of many such galaxies in the universe, was first published in a
newspaper.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_Hubble>
1955:
The Cocos Islands in the Indian Ocean were transferred from
British to Australian control.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands>
1996:
Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 was hijacked, then crashed into
the Indian Ocean near Comoros after running out of fuel, killing 125 of
the 175 people on board.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian_Airlines_Flight_961>
2010:
In response to artillery exercises held near the border between
the two nations, North Korea bombarded Yeonpyeong Island, killing four
South Korean soldiers and injuring 19 others.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardment_of_Yeonpyeong>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
yowzah:
an indication of surprise, excitement, or amazement.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/yowzah>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
He who thinks we are to pitch our tent here, and have attained the
utmost prospect of reformation that the mortal glass wherein we
contemplate can show us, till we come to beatific vision, that man by
this very opinion declares that he is yet far short of truth. in
--Areopagitica
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Areopagitica>
The conservation of slow lorises, nocturnal primates in the rain forests
of South and Southeast Asia, faces threats from deforestation, the
exotic pet trade, traditional medicine, and the bushmeat trade. Five
species of slow loris are listed as either "Vulnerable" or "Endangered"
by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Their
conservation status was originally listed as "Least Concern" in 2000
because of imprecise population surveys and the frequency in which these
primates were found in animal markets. Because of their rapidly
declining populations and local extinctions, their status was updated
and in 2007 the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) elevated them to Appendix I, which
prohibits international commercial trade. Local laws also protect slow
lorises, but enforcement is lacking in most areas. Slow lorises are
regularly smuggled and sold as exotic pets in Japan, the United States,
and Europe. Their popularity is largely due to their "cute" appearance
and highly viewed pet videos on YouTube.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_of_slow_lorises>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1918:
Polish troops and civilians began a three-day pogrom against
Jews and Ukrainian Christians in Lwów (now Lviv, Ukraine).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lw%C3%B3w_pogrom_(1918)>
1950:
Two trains collided near Valemount, British Columbia, Canada;
the subsequent trial catapulted future Prime Minister of Canada John
Diefenbaker into the political limelight.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoe_River_train_crash>
1974:
Explosives placed in two central pubs in Birmingham, England,
killed 21 people and injured 182 others, and eventually led to the
arrest and imprisonment of six people who were later exonerated.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham_pub_bombings>
1980:
Over 83 million people watched the Dallas TV episode "Who Done
It" to find out "Who shot J. R.?".
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Done_It_(Dallas)>
2009:
An explosion in a coal mine in Heilongjiang, China, killed 108
miners.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Heilongjiang_mine_explosion>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
koine:
1. A lingua franca.
2. A regional language that becomes standard over time.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/koine>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
The principles of terrorism unavoidably rebound to the fatal injury of
liberty and revolution. Absolute power corrupts and defeats its
partisans no less than its opponents. A people that knows not liberty
becomes accustomed to dictatorship: fighting despotism and counter-
revolution, terrorism itself becomes their efficient school. Once on the
road of terrorism, the State necessarily becomes estranged from the
people.
--Alexander Berkman
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Alexander_Berkman>
Windsor Castle is a medieval castle and royal residence in Windsor in
the English county of Berkshire, notable for its long association with
the British royal family and for its architecture. The original motte-
and-bailey castle, built after the Norman invasion by William the
Conqueror, was designed to protect Norman dominance around the outskirts
of London and to oversee a strategically important part of the River
Thames. The castle's lavish early 19th-century State Apartments are
architecturally significant, and the 15th-century St George's Chapel is
an outstanding example of English Perpendicular Gothic design. Since the
time of Henry I it has been used by a succession of monarchs and is the
longest-occupied palace in Europe. A popular tourist attraction, it is
used as a venue for hosting state visits, and is the Queen's preferred
weekend home. It was used as a refuge for the royal family during the
Second World War and survived a fire on 20 November 1992. More than five
hundred people live and work in Windsor, making it the largest inhabited
castle in the world.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windsor_Castle>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1845:
Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata: The Argentine
Confederation were defeated in the Battle of Vuelta de Obligado, but
Chile and Brazil were inspired to join forces with them afterwards.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Vuelta_de_Obligado>
1936:
Spanish Civil War: Founder of the fascist Falange Española
José Antonio Primo de Rivera was executed by the republican government.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Primo_de_Rivera>
1969:
A group of Native American activists began a 19-month
occupation of Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupation_of_Alcatraz>
1979:
A group of armed insurgents attacked and took over the Masjid
al-Haram in Mecca, declaring that one of their leaders, Muhammad bin abd
Allah al-Qahtani, was the Mahdi, the prophesied redeemer of Islam.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Mosque_Seizure>
1994:
In accordance with the Lusaka Protocol, the Angolan government
signed a ceasefire with UNITA rebels in a failed attempt to end the
Angolan Civil War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusaka_Protocol>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
bleg:
(Internet slang) To create an entry on a blog requesting information or
contributions.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bleg>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Censorship is never over for those who have experienced it. It is a
brand on the imagination that affects the individual who has suffered
it, forever.
--Nadine Gordimer
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Nadine_Gordimer>