The Battle of Warsaw was fought on 31 July 1705 as part of a power struggle for the Polish–Lithuanian throne during the Great Northern War. Augustus II the Strong, the elector of Saxony and king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, was allied with Denmark–Norway and Russia against Stanisław Leszczyński, who had seized the Polish throne in 1704 with the support of the army of Charles XII of Sweden. The Polish nobility of the Sandomierz Confederation supported Augustus and his allies, while the Warsaw Confederation supported Leszczyński and Sweden. Augustus helped to develop a grand strategy to crush the Swedish forces and restore himself to the Polish throne, sending an allied army of up to 10,000 cavalry under the command of Otto Arnold von Paykull towards Warsaw to interrupt the Polish parliament. A 2,000-strong Swedish cavalry contingent under the command of Carl Nieroth defeated Paykull's army on the plains west of Warsaw, and Leszczyński was crowned in early October.

Read more: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Warsaw_%281705%29

_______________________________ Today's selected anniversaries:

1777:

The Second Continental Congress passed a resolution commissioning the Marquis de Lafayette as a major general in the American revolutionary forces. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_du_Motier,_Marquis_de_Lafayette

1941:

The Holocaust: Under instructions from Adolf Hitler, Hermann Göring authorised SS General Reinhard Heydrich to handle preparations for "the Final Solution of the Jewish question". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final_Solution

1975:

The Troubles: In a botched paramilitary attack, three members of the popular Miami Showband and two Ulster Volunteer Force gunmen were killed in County Down, Northern Ireland. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miami_Showband_killings

2002:

Hamas detonated a bomb at the Mount Scopus campus of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, killing nine students and injuring about 100 more. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_University_bombing

_____________________________ Wiktionary's word of the day:

brach: (chiefly hunting) Originally, a synonym of scent hound (“a hunting dog that tracks prey using its sense of smell rather than by its vision”); later, any female hound; a bitch hound. [...] https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/brach

___________________________ Wikiquote quote of the day:

With some notable exceptions, businessmen favor free enterprise in general but are opposed to it when it comes to themselves.   --Milton Friedman https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Milton_Friedman