Boise National Forest is a federally protected area of the U.S. state of
Idaho in the national forest system. Created in 1908 from part of
Sawtooth National Forest, it is managed by the U.S. Forest Service. The
Idaho Batholith underlies most of Boise National Forest, forming its
Boise, Salmon River, and West mountain ranges; the forest reaches a
maximum elevation of 9,730 feet (2,970 m) on Steel Mountain. Common
land cover includes sagebrush steppe and spruce-fir forests. It contains
75 percent of the known populations of Sacajawea's bitterroot, a
flowering plant endemic to Idaho. The Shoshone people occupied the
forest before European settlers, and archeological sites have been found
along rivers in the area. Trappers and fur traders of European descent
arrived in the area in the early 1800s, starting with John Jacob Astor's
Pacific Fur Company in 1811. The first settlers moved into the mountains
in the 1860s after gold was discovered. The gold rush forced many of the
Shoshone out and led to conflicts including the Bannock War in southern
Idaho. Tungsten, silver, antimony, and gold were mined in the forest
until the mid-twentieth century.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boise_National_Forest>
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Today's selected anniversaries:
845:
Viking raiders possibly led by the legendary Ragnar Lodbrok
captured Paris and held the city for a huge ransom.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Paris_(845)>
1882:
The Knights of Columbus, the world's largest Catholic fraternal
service organization, was founded by Michael J. McGivney in New Haven,
Connecticut, U.S.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_of_Columbus>
1942:
Second World War: The British Royal Air Force completed a
bombing raid of Lübeck, the first major success for RAF Bomber Command
against a German city.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_L%C3%BCbeck_in_World_War_II>
1969:
The New People's Army (original flag pictured), the armed wing
of the Communist Party of the Philippines, was formed.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_People%27s_Army>
1975:
Jeff Beck released Blow by Blow, his most successful album in
the U.S., reaching the top five and selling over one million copies.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blow_by_Blow>
1999:
The strongest earthquake to hit the foothills of the Himalayas
in more than ninety years killed 103 people.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_Chamoli_earthquake>
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Wiktionary's word of the day:
fauxtatoes:
(plural only) A dish of mashed cauliflower used as an alternative to
potatoes by followers of a low-carbohydrate diet.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fauxtatoes>
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Wikiquote quote of the day:
You have to imagine a waiting that is not impatient because it is
timeless.
--R. S. Thomas
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/R._S._Thomas>